ArticleFrontiers in neurology2022
Metformin, Rapamycin, or Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Pretreatment Attenuate Cognitive Impairment After Cerebral Hypoperfusion by Inhibiting Microglial Phagocytosis.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- An integrated anti-aging framework targeting NADRedox biology · 2026Review
- Metformin and Sitagliptin Impact the Brain Kynurenine Pathway: Region-Specific Modulation of Neuroactive Metabolites in Non-Diabetic Male Rats.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Inflammatory Bridge Between Type 2 Diabetes and Neurodegeneration: A Molecular Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The evolving pathophysiology of TBI and the advantages of temporally-guided combination therapies.Neurochemistry international · 2024Review
- Single-cell RNA Sequencing Identifies a Novel Subtype of Microglia with High Cd74 Expression that Facilitates White Matter Inflammation During Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Impaired Meningeal Lymphatics and Glymphatic Pathway in Patients with White Matter Hyperintensity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Unraveling the complex pathophysiology of white matter hemorrhage in intracerebral stroke: A single-cell RNA sequencing approach.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Article
- The Combination of Citicoline and Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Induces Neurite Outgrowth and Mitigates Vascular Cognitive Impairment via SIRT1/CREB Pathway.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- The identification of new roles for nicotinamide mononucleotide after spinal cord injury in mice: an RNA-seq and global gene expression study.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second leading form of dementia after Alzheimer's disease (AD) plaguing the elder population. Despite the enormous prevalence of VCI, the biological basis of this disease has been much less well-studied than that of AD, with no specific therapy currently existing to prevent or treat VCI. As VCI mainly occurs in the elderly, the role of anti-aging drugs including metformin, rapamycin, and nicotinamide mono nucleotide (NMN), and the underlying mechanism remain uncertain. Here, we examined the role of metformin, rapamycin, and NMN in cognitive function, white matter integrity, microglial response, and phagocytosis in a rat model of VCI by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). BCCAO-induced chronic cerebral hypoperfusion could cause spatial working memory deficits and white matter lesions (WMLs), along with increasing microglial activation and phagocytosis compared to sham-operated rats. We found the cognitive impairment was significantly improved in BCCAO rats pretreated with these three drugs for 14 days before BCCAO compared with the vehicle group by the analysis of the Morris water maze and new object recognition tests. Pretreatment of metformin, rapamycin, or NMN also increased myelin basic protein (MBP, a marker for myelin) expression and reduced SMI32 (a marker for demyelinated axons) intensity and SMI32/MBP ratio compared with the vehicle group, suggesting that these drugs could ameliorate BCCAO-induced WMLs. The findings were confirmed by Luxol fast blue (LFB) stain, which is designed for staining myelin/myelinated axons. We further found that pretreatment of metformin, rapamycin, or NMN reduced microglial activation and the number of M1 microglia, but increased the number of M2 microglia compared to the vehicle group. Importantly, the number of MBP
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