Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35768869›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2022

Making data map-worthy-enhancing routine malaria data to support surveillance and mapping of Plasmodium falciparum anti-malarial resistance in a pre-elimination sub-Saharan African setting: a molecular and spatiotemporal epidemiology study.

Frank M Kagoro, Elizabeth Allen, Aaron Mabuza, Lesley Workman, Ray Magagula, Gerdalize Kok, Craig Davies, Gillian Malatje, Philippe J Guérin, Mehul Dhorda and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 28% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Polymorphisms of theParasite epidemiology and control · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Mapping Plasmodium falciparum mutations in Africa: A critical review of emerging drug resistance and implications for malaria control.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2025
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Frank M KagoroCollaborating Centre for Optimising Antimalarial Therapy (CCOAT), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa.
Elizabeth AllenCollaborating Centre for Optimising Antimalarial Therapy (CCOAT), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa.
Aaron MabuzaCollaborating Centre for Optimising Antimalarial Therapy (CCOAT), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa.
Lesley WorkmanCollaborating Centre for Optimising Antimalarial Therapy (CCOAT), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa.
Ray MagagulaMpumalanga Provincial Malaria Elimination Programme, Mbombela, Mpumalanga, South Africa.
Gerdalize KokMpumalanga Provincial Malaria Elimination Programme, Mbombela, Mpumalanga, South Africa.
Craig DaviesMalaria Programme, Clinton Health Access Initiative, Pretoria, South Africa.
Gillian MalatjeMpumalanga Provincial Malaria Elimination Programme, Mbombela, Mpumalanga, South Africa.
Philippe J GuérinWorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN), Southern African Regional Hub, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, UCT, Mbombela, South Africa.
Mehul DhordaMahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Richard J MaudeMahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Jaishree Raman *Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
Karen I Barnes *Collaborating Centre for Optimising Antimalarial Therapy (CCOAT), Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town (UCT), Cape Town, South Africa. karen.barnes@uct.ac.za.
Infectious Diseases Data Observatory · GBUniversity of Mpumalanga · ZAUniversity of Cape Town · ZAMahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit · THMahidol University · THNational Institute for Communicable Diseases

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIndependent emergence and spread of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria have recently been confirmed in Africa, with molecular markers associated with artemisinin resistance increasingly detected. Surveillance to promptly detect and effectively respond to anti-malarial resistance is generally suboptimal in Africa, especially in low transmission settings where therapeutic efficacy studies are often not feasible due to recruitment challenges. However, these communities may be at higher risk of anti-malarial resistance.

methodsFrom March 2018 to February 2020, a sequential mixed-methods study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of the near-real-time linkage of individual patient anti-malarial resistance profiles with their case notifications and treatment response reports, and map these to fine scales in Nkomazi sub-district, Mpumalanga, a pre-elimination area in South Africa.

resultsPlasmodium falciparum molecular marker resistance profiles were linked to 55.1% (2636/4787) of notified malaria cases, 85% (2240/2636) of which were mapped to healthcare facility, ward and locality levels. Over time, linkage of individual malaria case demographic and molecular data increased to 75.1%. No artemisinin resistant validated/associated  Kelch-13 mutations were detected in the 2385 PCR positive samples. Almost all 2812 samples assessed for lumefantrine susceptibility carried the wildtype mdr86ASN and crt76LYS alleles, potentially associated with decreased lumefantrine susceptibility.

conclusionRoutine near-real-time mapping of molecular markers associated with anti-malarial drug resistance on a fine spatial scale provides a rapid and efficient early warning system for emerging resistance. The lessons learnt here could inform scale-up to provincial, national and regional malaria elimination programmes, and may be relevant for other antimicrobial resistance surveillance.

Indexed as

AntimalarialsMalaria, FalciparumDrug ResistanceHumansLumefantrinePlasmodium falciparumProtozoan ProteinsSouth AfricaAntimalarialsLumefantrineProtozoan ProteinsAfricaArtemisinin resistanceKelch 13, k13LumefantrineMalariaPlasmodium falciparumSpatiotemporal model

Identifiers

PMID35768869
PMCPMC9244181
OpenAlexW4283763947

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.