ArticleBMC emergency medicine2022
Accuracy of echocardiography and ultrasound protocol to identify shock etiology in emergency department.
Article in BMC emergency medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIMAP POCUS protocol for early evaluation of undifferentiated shocked patients at the emergency department: A prospective study of diagnostic accuracy and time efficiency.Chinese journal of traumatology = Zhonghua chuang shang za zhi · 2026Article
- The Role of PoCUS in the Diagnosis and Early Monitoring of Cardiogenic Shock in the Emergency Department: A Narrative Review.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Point-of-Care Ultrasound for Patients With Cardiogenic Shock - A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.Circulation reports · 2025Article
- Accuracy of early shock recognition by paramedics: a multicenter prospective observational study in Japan.Journal of rural medicine : JRM · 2025Article
- Critical Care Ultrasound in Shock: A Comprehensive Review of Ultrasound Protocol for Hemodynamic Assessment in the Intensive Care Unit.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- An unexpected etiology of generalized weakness.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2024Article
- Review
- Role of point-of-care ultrasound in critical care and emergency medicine: update and future perspective.Clinical and experimental emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Inferior vena cava ultrasound and other techniques for assessment of intravascular and extravascular volume: an update.Clinical kidney journal · 2023Review
- Point-of-Care Ultrasound: A Multimodal Tool for the Management of Sepsis in the Emergency Department.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly diagnosis and appropriate management of shock aimed at prevention of prolonged hypoperfusion has shown to decrease morbidity and mortality in patients with undifferentiated shock. However, there is often a challenge in emergency department (ED) - where diagnosis is mainly based on clinical signs and standard monitoring parameters. Early use of point of care ultrasound could reduce the diagnostic time and improve diagnostic accuracy. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the accuracy of echocardiography - ultrasound protocol to identify the cause of shock in ED.
methodThe study was conducted on 150 shocked patients admitted to emergency department of Alexandria Main University Hospital from December 2018 to December 2020. The study was conducted to reach initial impression about shock etiology which was then compared to final diagnosis to determine accuracy, agreement, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV).
resultsOne hundred forty patients were included in the study (10 patients were excluded). The protocol was 100% accurate for diagnosing cases with obstructive and mixed obstructive distributive shock. It showed excellent rule- out characteristics for cardiogenic shock (sensitivity and NPV = 100%). There was almost perfect agreement between provisional and final shock type for mixed distributive cardiogenic shock (kappa 0.915). Echo- US protocol had lowest agreement and PPV for patients with hypovolemic shock Kappa 0.48 and 35% respectively.
conclusionThe Echo- US protocol showed a high accuracy in identifying shock etiology in ED and is likely a promising diagnostic tool in emergency care.
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