ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2022
Gene-environment interplay in externalizing behavior from childhood through adulthood.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adolescents at the crossroads: genetic associations between psychotic symptoms and antisocial traits.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Gene-Environment Interplay Beyond Interactions: Psychosocial Environments Mediate Genetic Effects Underlying Externalizing-Behavior Trajectories.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- Article
- Hillclimb-Causal Inference: a data-driven approach to identify causal pathways among parental behaviors, genetic risk, and externalizing behaviors in children.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2025Article
- In the genetics of the beholder: gene-environment interplay for internalising and externalising behaviours using polygenic scores and adolescent perceptions of parenting.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Article
- Using twin-pairs to assess potential bias in polygenic prediction of externalising behaviours across development.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Research Review: A review of the past decade of family and genomic studies on adolescent mental health.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Do polygenic indices capture "direct" effects on child externalizing behavior problems? Within-family analyses in two longitudinal birth cohorts.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2025Article
- Investigating cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between brain structure and distinct dimensions of externalizing psychopathology in the ABCD sample.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Interplay between polygenic risk and family processes in predicting trajectories of adolescent externalizing behaviors.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Examining intergenerational risk factors for conduct problems using polygenic scores in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Do polygenic indices capture "direct" effects on child externalizing behavior? Within-family analyses in two longitudinal birth cohorts.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- Polygenic risk scores and brain structures both contribute to externalizing behavior in childhood - A study in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort.Neuroscience applied · 2023Article
- Commentary: Will genomics revolutionise research on gene-environment interplay?Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundGenetic and environmental influences on externalizing problems are often studied separately. Here, we extended prior work by investigating the implications of gene-environment interplay in childhood for early adult externalizing behavior. Genetic nurture would be indicated if parents' genetic predisposition for externalizing behavior operates through the family environment in predicting offspring early adult externalizing behavior. Evocative gene-environment correlation would be indicated if offspring genetic predisposition for externalizing behavior operates through child externalizing behavior in affecting the family environment and later early adult externalizing behavior.
methodLongitudinal data from seven waves of the TRacking Adolescents' Individual Lives Survey, a prospective cohort study of Dutch adolescents followed from age 11 to age 29 (n at baseline = 2,734) were used. Child externalizing behavior was assessed using self and parent reports. Family dysfunction was assessed by parents. Early adult externalizing behavior was assessed using self-reports. Genome-wide polygenic scores for externalizing problems were constructed for mothers, fathers, and offspring.
resultsOffspring polygenic score and child behavior each predicted early adult externalizing problems, as did family dysfunction to a small extent. Parents' polygenic scores were not associated with offspring's early adult externalizing behavior. Indirect effect tests indicated that offspring polygenic score was associated with greater family dysfunction via child externalizing behavior (evocative gene-environment correlation) but the effect was just significant and the effect size was very small. Parents' polygenic scores did not predict family dysfunction, thus the data do not provide support for genetic nurture.
conclusionsA very small evocative gene-environment correlation was detected but effect sizes were much more pronounced for stability in externalizing behavior from childhood through early adulthood, which highlights the necessity to intervene early to prevent later problems.
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