ArticleEBioMedicine2022
Endocrine outcome and seminal parameters in young adult men born with hypospadias: A cross-sectional cohort study.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating adult male sexual function and fertility after childhood hypospadias repair surgery - a systematic review.BMC urology · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical Characteristics and Sex Hormone Levels in 323 Cases of Hypospadias With or Without Associated Malformations.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Zinner syndrome associated with concealed penis and azoospermia in an adolescent: a case report and literature review.BMC urology · 2026Review
- Novel INSL3 variants cause male infertility with cryptorchidism.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2026Article
- Role of the pediatrician in the initial management of a newborn with Differences of Sex Development or hypospadias.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- EndoCompass Project: Research Roadmap for Reproductive and Developmental Endocrinology.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Review
- Hypospadias Associated With Fetal Growth Restriction: A Multicentric Descriptive and Prognostic Cohort Study.Prenatal diagnosis · 2024Article
- Development of a novel testis-on-a-chip that demonstrates reciprocal crosstalk between Sertoli and Leydig cells in testicular tissue.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2024Article
- Development and verification of machine learning model based on anogenital distance, penoscrotal distance, and 2D:4D finger ratio before puberty to predict hypospadias classification.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Etiology, histology, and long-term outcome of bilateral testicular regression: a large Belgian series.Human reproduction open · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHypospadias affects around 1/200 newborn males. Intrauterine testicular dysfunction may underlie a subset of cases. The long-term endocrine and reproductive outcomes in these men remain largely unknown.
methodsCross-sectional study in Ghent and Vienna University Hospitals to assess the endocrine and seminal parameters of young adult men (16-21 years) born with non-syndromic hypospadias (NSH) (n = 193) compared to healthy typical males (n = 50). Assessments included physical exam, semen analysis, hormone assays and exome-based gene panel analysis (474 genes).
findingsAll participants had experienced a spontaneous puberty, in spite of higher LH and INSL3 levels than typical males. Oligo- or azoospermia was observed in 32/172 (18·6%; 99%-CI: 12·2-27·4%) of NSH men; but in 5/16 (31·3%; 99%-CI: 11·1;62·4%) of complex NSH men and in 13/22 (59·1%; 99%-CI: 33·2-80·7%) of those born small for gestational age (SGA). No (likely) pathogenic coding variants were found in the investigated genes. Suboptimal statural growth affected 8/23 (34·8%; 99%-CI: 15·4-61·0%) of men born SGA with NSH.
interpretationSpermatogenesis is significantly compromised in NSH men, especially in those born SGA or those with complex NSH. Long-term andrological follow-up is recommended, including end-pubertal semen analysis. No clear monogenic causes could be demonstrated in our cohort even in proximal or complex NSH. Being born SGA with NSH is frequently associated with poor catch-up growth, requiring growth hormone therapy in some.
fundingResearch grants from the European Society of Paediatric Endocrinology, the Belgian Society of Pediatrics, the Belgian Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology and the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO).
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