ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
Assessing inequities underlying racial disparities of COVID-19 mortality in Louisiana parishes.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Industrial Pollution and Health in Louisiana: A Systematic Review of Quantitative and Qualitative Studies.Current environmental health reports · 2026Pooled it
- Rent affordability after hurricanes: Longitudinal evidence from US coastal states.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025Article
- Reimagining Resilience in Aging: Leveraging AI/ML, Big Data Analytics, and Systems Innovation.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2025Article
- Examining epidemiologic disparity across SARS-CoV-2 variant-dominant periods in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma (March 12, 2020-February 28, 2022).Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Ending the HIV Epidemic in Black America: Qualitative Insights Following COVID-19.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Exploring the Roles of Trust, Attitudes, and Motivations in COVID-19 Decision-Making and Vaccination Likelihood: Insights from the Louisiana Community Engagement Alliance (LA-CEAL) Community-Academic-Public Health-Practice (CAPP) Partnership.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- In-Hospital Mortality by Race and Ethnicity Among Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Using Data From the US National COVID Cohort Collaborative.American journal of medicine open · 2024Article
- COVID-19 vaccination likelihood among federally qualified health center patients: Lessons learned for future health crises.The American journal of the medical sciences · 2023Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Socioeconomic Inequalities in Mortality in Spanish Provinces.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2023Article
- Associations of COVID-19 Hospitalizations, ICU Admissions, and Mortality with Black and White Race and Their Mediation by Air Pollution and Other Risk Factors in the Louisiana Industrial Corridor, March 2020-August 2021.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- "Data makes the story come to life:" understanding the ethical and legal implications of Big Data research involving ethnic minority healthcare workers in the United Kingdom-a qualitative study.BMC medical ethics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High COVID-19 mortality among Black communities heightened the pandemic's devastation. In the state of Louisiana, the racial disparity associated with COVID-19 mortality was significant; Black Americans accounted for 50% of known COVID-19-related deaths while representing only 32% of the state's population. In this paper, we argue that structural racism resulted in a synergistic framework of cumulatively negative determinants of health that ultimately affected COVID-19 deaths in Louisiana Black communities. We identify the spatial distribution of social, environmental, and economic stressors across Louisiana parishes using hot spot analysis to develop aggregate stressors. Further, we examine the correlation between stressors, cumulative health risks, COVID-19 mortality, and the size of Black populations throughout Louisiana. We hypothesized that parishes with larger Black populations (percentages) would have larger stressor values and higher cumulative health risks as well as increased COVID-19 mortality rates. Our results suggest two categories of parishes. The first group has moderate levels of aggregate stress, high population densities, predominately Black populations, and high COVID-19 mortality. The second group of parishes has high aggregate stress, lower population densities, predominantly Black populations, and initially low COVID-19 mortality that increased over time. Our results suggest that structural racism and inequities led to severe disparities in initial COVID-19 effects among highly populated Black Louisiana communities and that as the virus moved into less densely populated Black communities, similar trends emerged.
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