Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35757860›Full record

ArticleEpidemiology and infection2022

Liver function tests in primary care provide a key opportunity to diagnose and engage patients with hepatitis C.

A McLeod, S J Hutchinson, A Weir, S Barclay, J Schofield, C Gillespie Frew, D J Goldberg, M Heydtmann, E Wilson-Davies

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Predictors of Acute HCV Incidence in People with HIV: Insights from a Long-term Cohort Study.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

A McLeodClinical and Protecting Health Division, Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6536-5949
S J HutchinsonClinical and Protecting Health Division, Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
A WeirClinical and Protecting Health Division, Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
S BarclaySchool of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK.
J SchofieldDepartment of Sociology, Social Police and Criminology, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK.
C Gillespie FrewWest of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
D J GoldbergClinical and Protecting Health Division, Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
M HeydtmannDepartment of Gastroenterology, Dumfries & Galloway Royal Infirmary, Cargenbridge, UK.
E Wilson-DaviesWest of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the advent of direct-acting antiviral therapy, the elimination of hepatitis c virus (HCV) as a public health concern is now possible. However, identification of those who remain undiagnosed, and re-engagement of those who are diagnosed but remain untreated, will be essential to achieve this. We examined the extent of HCV infection among individuals undergoing liver function tests (LFT) in primary care. Residual biochemistry samples for 6007 patients, who had venous blood collected in primary care for LFT between July 2016 and January 2017, were tested for HCV antibody. Through data linkage to national and sentinel HCV surveillance databases, we also examined the extent of diagnosed infection, attendance at specialist service and HCV treatment for those found to be HCV positive. Overall HCV antibody prevalence was 4.0% and highest for males (5.0%), those aged 37-50 years (6.2%), and with an ALT result of 70 or greater (7.1%). Of those testing positive, 68.9% had been diagnosed with HCV in the past, 84.9% before the study period. Most (92.5%) of those diagnosed with chronic infection had attended specialist liver services and while 67.7% had ever been treated only 38% had successfully cleared infection. More than half of HCV-positive people required assessment, and potentially treatment, for their HCV infection but were not engaged with services during the study period. LFT in primary care are a key opportunity to diagnose, re-diagnose and re-engage patients with HCV infection and highlight the importance of GPs in efforts to eliminate HCV as a public health concern.

Indexed as

Hepatitis CHepatitis C, ChronicAntiviral AgentsHepacivirusHepatitis C AntibodiesHumansLiver Function TestsMalePrimary Health CareAntiviral AgentsHepatitis C AntibodiesEpidemiologyhepatitis Cpublic healthsurveillancevirology (human) and epidemiology

Identifiers

PMID35757860
PMCPMC9306009

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.