ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Endogenous Retroviruses (ERVs): Does RLR (RIG-I-Like Receptors)-MAVS Pathway Directly Control Senescence and Aging as a Consequence of ERV De-Repression?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory Signatures in MDS: The Missing Link Between Genetics, Microenvironment, and Therapy.Cells · 2026Review
- Viral Mimicry of Alzheimer's Disease: Innate Sensing of Self-Nucleic Acids as a Driver of Glial Senescence.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Review
- An FDA-Approved Tenofovir Alafenamide-Based Antiretroviral Therapy Reduces Biological Age in Healthy Adults: First Human Proof-of-Concept for Retrotransposon-Targeted Gerotherapeutics.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Activation of endogenous retroviruses in tumor cells and their immunomodulatory mechanisms: from molecular basis to clinical translation.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Epigenetic Regulation of Aging and its Rejuvenation.MedComm · 2025Review
- Endogenous Retroviruses in Host-Virus Coevolution: From Genomic Domestication to Functional Innovation.Genes · 2025Review
- [Mechanism and significance of cell senescence induced by viral infection].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2025Review
- The battle between host antiviral innate immunity and immune evasion by cytomegalovirus.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Review
- Endogenous Retroviruses Unveiled: A Comprehensive Review of Inflammatory Signaling/Senescence-Related Pathways and Therapeutic Strategies.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Mitochondrial genome plasticity of mammalian species.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Transcription of endogenous retroviruses in senescent cells contributes to the accumulation of double-stranded RNAs that trigger an anti-viral response that reinforces senescence.Cell death & disease · 2024Article
- Identification and characterization of endogenous retroviruses upon SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- HIV-1 controllers exhibit an enhanced antiretroviral innate state characterised by overexpression of p21 and MCPIP1 and silencing of ERVK-6 RNA expression.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2024Article
- rs67047829 genotypes of ERV3-1/ZNF117 are associated with lower body mass index in the Polish population.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- COVID-19. Biology, pathophysiology, and immunology: a pathologist view.Pathologica · 2023Review
- MAVS integrates glucose metabolism and RIG-I-like receptor signaling.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Chronic inflammation and the hallmarks of aging.Molecular metabolism · 2023Review
- Confounding factors in profiling of locus-specific human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) transcript signatures in primary T cells using multi-study-derived datasets.BMC medical genomics · 2023Article
- Endogenous Retroviruses as Modulators of Innate Immunity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- High DNA methylation age deceleration defines an aggressive phenotype with immunoexclusion environments in endometrial carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bi-directional transcription of Human Endogenous Retroviruses (hERVs) is a common feature of autoimmunity, neurodegeneration and cancer. Higher rates of cancer incidence, neurodegeneration and autoimmunity but a lower prevalence of autoimmune diseases characterize elderly people. Although the re-expression of hERVs is commonly observed in different cellular models of senescence as a result of the loss of their epigenetic transcriptional silencing, the hERVs modulation during aging is more complex, with a peak of activation in the sixties and a decline in the nineties. What is clearly accepted, instead, is the impact of the re-activation of dormant hERV on the maintenance of stemness and tissue self-renewing properties. An innate cellular immunity system, based on the RLR-MAVS circuit, controls the degradation of dsRNAs arising from the transcription of hERV elements, similarly to what happens for the accumulation of cytoplasmic DNA leading to the activation of cGAS/STING pathway. While agonists and inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway are considered promising immunomodulatory molecules, the effect of the RLR-MAVS pathway on innate immunity is still largely based on correlations and not on causality. Here we review the most recent evidence regarding the activation of MDA5-RIG1-MAVS pathway as a result of hERV de-repression during aging, immunosenescence, cancer and autoimmunity. We will also deal with the epigenetic mechanisms controlling hERV repression and with the strategies that can be adopted to modulate hERV expression in a therapeutic perspective. Finally, we will discuss if the RLR-MAVS signalling pathway actively modulates physiological and pathological conditions or if it is passively activated by them.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.