ArticlePediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2022
Early childhood allergy linked with development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.
Article in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting ADHD comorbidity in children with allergic rhinitis: a SHAP-based analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Relationship Between Sleep and Immunology in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The relationship between allergic diseases and neurodevelopmental disorders in children enrolled in primary healthcare.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Allergy-unrelated eosinophil activation in the peripheral blood of children with neurodevelopmental disorders.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Atopic Dermatitis and Autism Spectrum Disorders: Common Role of Environmental and Clinical Co-Factors in the Onset and Severity of Their Clinical Course.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Early childhood neurodevelopmental milestones in children with allergic diseases: the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Additive or Interactive Associations of Food Allergies with Glutathione S-Transferase Genes in Relation to ASD and ASD Severity in Jamaican Children.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Link between the skin and autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Early childhood allergy linked with development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies reported controversial results regarding the association between allergic disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this article was to investigate whether allergic disorders are associated with ADHD/ASD in a large cohort of pediatric patients.
methodsA retrospective study using the pediatric (0-18 year) database (ICD-9-CM codes) of Clalit Health Services during the years (2000-2018). Diagnosis of all disorders was made by specialist physicians.
resultsA total of 117 022 consecutive non-selective allergic children diagnosed with one or more allergic disorder (asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, skin, food, or drug allergy) and 116 968 non-allergic children were enrolled to our study. The mean follow-up period was 11 ± 6 years. The presence of allergic disorders in early childhood (mean age of allergic diagnosis 4.5 ± 4.3 years) in boys as well as in girls significantly increased the risk to develop ADHD (O.R 2.45, CI 2.39-2.51; p < .0001), ASD (O.R 1.17, CI 1.08-1.27; p < .0001), or both ADHD + ASD (O.R 1.5, CI 1.35-1.79; p < .0001). Children with more than one allergic comorbidity revealed a much higher risk. In a multivariable analysis (adjusted for age at study entry, number of yearly visits, and gender), the risk of allergic children to develop ADHD and ADHD + ASD, but not ASD alone, remained significantly higher.
conclusionAllergic disorder in early childhood significantly increased the risk to develop ADHD, and to a less extend ASD, in later life.
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