ArticleJournal of medical virology2022
Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan during the fourth wave of pandemic.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Tracking the pandemic through molecular and sequencing tools: a story of SARS- CoV-2 over five years, lessons learned, and further directions.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Nanopore sequencing reveals the genomic diversity of the variants of concern of SARS-CoV-2 during 2021 disease outbreak in Pakistan.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The introduction of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.4 lineage into Pakistan.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Understanding large scale sequencing datasets through changes to protein folding.Briefings in functional genomics · 2024Review
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- Genomic epidemiology and evolutionary dynamics of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 during the fifth wave of COVID-19 in Pakistan.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
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- Stigmatization, panic disorder, and death anxiety among patients of Covid-19: Fourth wave of pandemic in Pakistan.Acta psychologica · 2023Article
- Temporal dynamics and fatality of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Bangladesh.Health science reports · 2023Article
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- Genomic evolution of BA.5.2 and BF.7.14 derived lineages causing SARS-CoV-2 outbreak at the end of 2022 in China.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Pakistan during the fourth wave of pandemic.Journal of medical virology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 lineage dynamics in England from September to November 2021: high diversity of Delta sub-lineages and increased transmissibility of AY.4.2.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Assessing the Transmissibility of the New SARS-CoV-2 Variants: From Delta to Omicron.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Advanced Functions Embedded in the Second Version of Database, Global Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2/hCoV-19 Sequences 2.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
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9 authors.
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Abstract
The emergence of different variants of concern of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in upsurges of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases around the globe. Pakistan faced the fourth wave of COVID-19 from July to August 2021 with 314,786 cases. To understand the genomic diversity of circulating SARS-CoV-2 strains during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Pakistan, this study was conducted. The samples from 140 COVID-19-positive patients were subjected to whole-genome sequencing using the iSeq Sequencer by Illumina. The results showed that 97% (n = 136) of isolates belonged to the delta variant while three isolates belonged to alpha and only one isolate belonged to the beta variant. Among delta variant cases, 20.5% (n = 28) isolates were showing B.1.617.2 while 23.5% (n = 25), 17.59% (n = 19), 14.81% (n = 16), and 13.89% (n = 15) of isolates were showing AY.108, AY.43 AY.127, and AY.125 lineages, respectively. Islamabad was found to be the most affected city with 65% (n = 89) of delta variant cases, followed by Karachi (17%, n = 23), and Rawalpindi (10%, n = 14). Apart from the characteristic spike mutations (T19R, L452R, T478K, P681R, and D950N) of the delta variant, the sublineages exhibited other spike mutations as E156del, G142D, T95I, A222V, G446V, K529N, N532S, Q613H, and V483A. The phylogenetic analysis revealed the introductions from Singapore, the United Kingdom, and Germany. This study highlights the circulation of delta variants (B.1.617.2 and sublineages) during the fourth wave of pandemic in Pakistan.
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