ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2022
The association of obesity-related traits on COVID-19 severity and hospitalization is affected by socio-economic status: a multivariable Mendelian randomization study.
Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Direct and indirect associations linking COVID-19 severity to internalizing disorders and symptoms among participants in New Haven, CT.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Common genetic mechanisms between obesity and COVID-19 severity: unravelling pleiotropic loci and biological pathways.Royal Society open science · 2026Article
- Role of Metabolic Syndrome Traits on Infectious Diseases: A Mendelian Randomization Study.International journal of public health · 2025Article
- Genetically Informed Study Highlights Income-Independent Effect of Schizophrenia Liability on Mental and Physical Health.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- The Mediating Roles of Lung Function Traits and Inflammatory Factors on the Associations between Measures of Obesity and Risk of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Estimating the direct effects of the genetic liabilities to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and behavioral traits on suicide attempt using a multivariable Mendelian randomization approach.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Causal associations between body fat accumulation and COVID-19 severity: A Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
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7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDue to its large impact on human health, socio-economic status (SES) could at least partially influence the established association between obesity and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. To estimate the independent effect of body size and SES on the clinical manifestations of COVID-19, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study.
methodsApplying two-sample MR approaches, we evaluated the effects of body mass index (BMI, n = 322 154), waist circumference (WC, n = 234 069), hip circumference (n = 213 019) and waist-hip ratio (n = 210 088) with respect to three COVID-19 outcomes: severe respiratory COVID-19 (cases = 8779, controls = 1 000 875), hospitalized COVID-19 (cases = 17 992, controls = 1 810 493) and COVID-19 infection (cases = 87 870, controls = 2 210 804). Applying a multivariable MR (MVMR) approach, we estimated the effect of these anthropometric traits on COVID-19 outcomes accounting for the effect of SES assessed as household income (n = 286 301).
resultsBMI and WC were associated with severe respiratory COVID-19 [BMI: odds ratio (OR) = 1.51, CI = 1.24-1.84, P = 3.01e-05; WC: OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.15-1.91, P = 0.0019] and hospitalized COVID-19 (BMI: OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.32-1.72, P = 8.83e-10; WC: OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.20-1.67, P = 3.72e-05). Conversely, income was associated with lower odds of severe respiratory (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.53-0.93, P = 0.015) and hospitalized COVID-19 (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.66-0.92, P = 0.003). MVMR analyses showed that the effect of these obesity-related traits on increasing the odds of COVID-19 negative outcomes becomes null when accounting for income. Conversely, the association of income with lower odds of COVID-19 negative outcomes is not affected when including the anthropometric traits in the multivariable model.
conclusionOur findings indicate that SES contributes to the effect of obesity-related traits on COVID-19 severity and hospitalization.
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