ArticleEuropean journal of neurology2022
Long-term outcome after COVID-19 infection in multiple sclerosis: a nation-wide multicenter matched-control study.
Article in European journal of neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk of new diagnoses and exacerbations of chronic conditions after SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review update.Epidemiologic reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Autoimmune diseases in the era of COVID-19: emerging mechanisms, clinical implications, vaccine considerations, and future directions.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
- COVID-19 and Radiological Progression of Multiple Sclerosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Did COVID-19 Pandemic Change the Course of Multiple Sclerosis? A Retrospective Eight-Year Study.Health science reports · 2025Article
- Infection, Relapses, and Pseudo-Relapses in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 on long-term outcomes in Parkinson's disease.European journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Post-acute sequela of COVID-19 infection in individuals with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Effects of COVID-19 Infection on Symptom Severity and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology · 2025Article
- Incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse after COVID-19 infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Caspian journal of internal medicine · 2025Review
- Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Pre-Existing Essential Tremor After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- COVID-19 and multiple sclerosis: challenges and lessons for patient care.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2024Review
- Era of COVID-19 in Multiple Sclerosis Care.Neurologic clinics · 2024Review
- The impact of COVID-19 infection on multiple sclerosis disease course across 12 countries: a propensity-score-matched cohort study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Article
- Review
- Occurrence and Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Are Associated With Clinical Disability Worsening in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Article
- Long-term outcome after COVID-19 infection in multiple sclerosis: a nation-wide multicenter matched-control study.European journal of neurology · 2022Article
- Coronavirus disease 2019 infection among working-aged people with multiple sclerosis and the impact of disease-modifying therapies.Multiple sclerosis journal - experimental, translational and clinicalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLong-term outcome after COVID-19 in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) is scarcely studied and controlled data are lacking.
objectiveTo compare long-term outcome after COVID-19 in pwMS to a matched control group of pwMS without COVID-19.
methodsWe included pwMS with PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and ≥6 months of follow-up available and, as a control group, pwMS matched 1:1 for age, sex, disability level and disease-modifying treatment type.
resultsOf 211 pwMS with COVID-19 (mean age 42.6 years [SD 12.2], 69% female, median EDSS 1.5 [range: 0-7.5], 16% antiCD20), 90.5% initially had a mild COVID-19 course. At follow-up, 70% had recovered completely 3 months (M3) after COVID-19, 83% after 6 months (M6) and 94% after 12 months (M12). Mild initial COVID-19 course was the only significant predictor of complete recovery (odds ratio [OR]: 10.5; p<0.001). Most frequent residual symptoms were fatigue (M3: 18.5%, M6: 13.7%, M12: 7.3%), hyposmia (M3: 13.7%, M6: 5.2%, M12: 1.7%) and dyspnea (M3: 7.1%, M6: 6.6%, M12: 2.8%). Compared to matched controls, fatigue, hyposmia and dyspnea were significantly more frequent at M3 and still slightly at M6, while there was no difference at M12. PwMS with COVID-19 had neither a significantly increased risk for relapses (OR 1.1; p=0.70) nor disability worsening (OR 0.96; p=0.60). DISCUSSION: Long-term outcome of COVID-19 is favourable in a large majority of pwMS with only a small proportion of patients suffering from persistent symptoms usually resolving after 3-6 months. COVID-19 is not associated with increased risk of relapse or disability.
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