ReviewFrontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology2022
Understanding the Role and Impact of Poly (Ethylene Glycol) (PEG) on Nanoparticle Formulation: Implications for COVID-19 Vaccines.
Review in Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Folate-targeted gold nanoparticles for doxorubicin delivery in tumor spheroids.Drug delivery · 2026Article
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- From bench to bedside: Overcoming translational hurdles in nanoparticle research with pharmacokinetic modeling.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Dual Anticancer and Antibacterial Applications of Active Particle Aggregates Containing Metal Phthalocyanines in Dark.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Monodisperse PEG engineering for quantifiable surface conjugation on PLGA nanoparticles.Nanoscale advances · 2026Article
- A Non-Antigenic Randomized Polyethylene Glycol/Poly(2-Phenyl-2-Oxazine)-Based Drug Delivery Platform.Macromolecular rapid communications · 2026Article
- Dual-Targeted Nanotherapy Restores Redox Homeostasis and Suppresses Uterine Hypercontractility for Effective Preterm Birth Intervention.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Influence of Polymeric and Natural Stabilizers on the Green Synthesis of Platinum and Palladium Nanoparticles.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparative Analysis of the Physical Properties of Three Different Tricalcium Silicate Cements: An In Vitro Study.European journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Advances in Strategies to Transport Nanoparticles Across the Blood-Brain Barrier for Drug Delivery into the Brain for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Spleen-targeted mRNA delivery via long-chain PEGylated lipids at low molar ratio enhances antitumor immunity against melanoma.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2026Article
- Lipid nanoparticle-mediated Cd14 siRNA delivery ameliorates the acute inflammatory response to intracortical microelectrode implantation.Acta biomaterialia · 2026Article
- Raman Spectroscopic Classification of Polyethylene Glycol Samples of Varying Molecular Weights Using Machine Learning.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nanoparticle-delivered miR-486-5p inhibits HNanoscale advances · 2026Article
- Inhalable Nanosystems for Bacterial Respiratory Infections: Addressing Pulmonary Barriers and Biofilm-Associated Challenges.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Nanotoxicity of Porous Silica Nanoparticles: Physicochemical Properties and Mechanistic Cellular Endpoints.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Hydrogels in the Immune Context: In Vivo Applications for Modulating Immune Responses in Cancer Therapy.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The evolution of nanomedicine: The rise of next-generation nanomaterials in cancer nanomedicine.Science advances · 2025Review
- Influence of polyethylene glycol on the mucus penetration and stability of lipid nanoparticles in cryopreservation and lyophilization.RSC advances · 2025Article
- Magnetic Hyperthermia with Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: From Toxicity Challenges to Cancer Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) is a widely used polymer in a variety of consumer products and in medicine. PEGylation refers to the conjugation of PEG to drugs or nanoparticles to increase circulation time and reduce unwanted host responses. PEG is viewed as being well-tolerated, but previous studies have identified anti-PEG antibodies and so-called pseudoallergic reactions in certain individuals. The increased use of nanoparticles as contrast agents or in drug delivery, along with the introduction of mRNA vaccines encapsulated in PEGylated lipid nanoparticles has brought this issue to the fore. Thus, while these vaccines have proven to be remarkably effective, rare cases of anaphylaxis have been reported, and this has been tentatively ascribed to the PEGylated carriers, which may trigger complement activation in susceptible individuals. Here, we provide a general overview of the use of PEGylated nanoparticles for pharmaceutical applications, and we discuss the activation of the complement cascade that might be caused by PEGylated nanomedicines for a better understanding of these immunological adverse reactions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.