ArticleFocus (American Psychiatric Publishing)2021
Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Clinical Overview and Relationship to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
Article in Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The cross-sectional relationship between body dysmorphic disorder and perfectionism: a meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Characteristics and 12-month outcomes of clinically-referred children and young people at risk of body dysmorphic disorder.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- Narcissistic Traits and Narcissistic Personality Disorder in Dermatology With a Focus on Body-Dysmorphic Disorder.International journal of dermatology · 2026Review
- Psycho Dermatological Dimensions of Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Diagnostic Criteria, Treatment Options, and Clinical Outcomes in Dermatological and Cosmetic Surgery Settings.Aesthetic plastic surgery · 2026Review
- The Moderating Effect of Focused Eating Between Body Dysmorphic Concerns and Eating Attitudes in Lebanese Dietitians.Health science reports · 2026Article
- The Relationship Between Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Orthodontic Treatment Need: A Systematic Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Body dysmorphic disorder: Diagnostic challenges and current management.JAAPA : official journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants · 2026Review
- Review
- Prevalence and Predictors of Positive Screening of Body Dysmorphic Disorder in Eastern Saudi Women Seeking Cosmetic Procedures: Implications for Clinical Practice in the Social Media Era.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder: 21st Century Challenges.International journal of dermatology · 2025Review
- Body Dysmorphic Disorder, Social Media Use, Borderline and Narcissistic Pathologies.International journal of dermatology · 2025Article
- Emotional Dysregulation, Hopelessness and Dysmorphophobic Concerns Among Hospitalized Patients with Autoimmune, Inflammatory, and Metabolic Skin Disorders.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- The influence of social media and cultural ideals on body dysmorphic disorder among adult males in the UAE.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Advancing Psychosocial Treatment for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A State-of-the-Science Review.Behavior therapy · 2024Review
- Exploring the Intersection of Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) and Dermatological Conditions: A Narrative Review.Dermatology and therapy · 2024Review
- Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale Modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Factor Structure and Construct Validity of Subfactors.Journal of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders · 2024Article
- Paediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Comorbid Body Dysmorphic Disorder: Clinical Expression and Treatment Response.Child psychiatry and human development · 2023Article
- Motivations and Psychological Characteristics of Men Seeking Penile Girth Augmentation.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), characterized by a distressing or impairing preoccupation with nonexistent or slight defects in appearance, is associated with markedly poor quality of life and high rates of suicidality. Onset of BDD is usually in childhood or adolescence and, unless appropriately treated, tends to be chronic. The first-line pharmacologic approach for both delusional and non-delusional BDD is serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs), often at high doses. SRI augmentation and switching strategies can be effective. The first-line psychotherapy is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) tailored to BDD's unique clinical features. Cosmetic treatment (such as surgery or dermatologic treatment), although received by a majority of patients with BDD, is not recommended. BDD has many similarities to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and appears closely related to OCD but also has some important differences. This article, which updates a 2015 article on BDD that we published in this journal, provides a clinically focused overview of BDD and its relationship to OCD.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.