ArticleCureus2022
Post COVID-19 Chronic Parenchymal Lung Changes.
Article in Cureus, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis of the clinical significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios in interstitial lung disease.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19 Pneumonia.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- The clinical, functional, and radiological effect of long-term used immunosuppressive therapy for post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease.Sarcoidosis, vasculitis, and diffuse lung diseases : official journal of WASOG · 2023Article
- Factors associated with small airway obstruction in COVID-19 survivors: A cross-sectional study among health-care providers.Narra J · 2023Article
- Anti-inflammatory and anti-viral actions of anionic pulmonary surfactant phospholipids.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionPersistent parenchymal lung changes are an important long-term sequela of COVID-19. There are limited data on this COVID-19 infection sequela characteristics and trajectories. This study aims to evaluate persistent COVID-19-related parenchymal lung changes 10 weeks after acute viral pneumonia and to identify associated risk factors.
methodsThis is a retrospective case-control observational study involving 38 COVID-19 confirmed cases using nasopharyngeal swab reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) at King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC) Hospital, Makkah. Patients were recruited from the post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease (ILD) clinic. Referral to this clinic was based on the pulmonology consultant's assessment of hospitalized patients suspected of developing COVID-19-related ILD changes during hospitalization.
resultsThirty-eight patients with parenchymal lung changes were evaluated at the ILD clinic. Nineteen patients who had persistent parenchymal changes 10 weeks after the acute illness (group 1) were compared with 19 control patients who had accelerated clinical and/or radiological improvement (group 2). Group 1 was found to have the more severe clinical and radiological disease, with a higher peak value of inflammatory biomarkers. Two risk factors were identified, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) > 3.13 at admission increases the odds ratio (OR) of chronic parenchymal changes by 6.42 and 5.92 in the univariate and multivariate analyses, respectively. Invasive mechanical ventilation had a more profound effect with ORs of 13.09 and 44.5 in the univariate and multivariate analyses, respectively.
conclusionHerein, we found that only receiving invasive mechanical ventilation and having NLR >3.13 at admission were strong risk factors for persistent parenchymal lung changes. Neither the clinical severity of the acute illness nor the radiological one is found to predict this outcome. None of the medications received during the acute illness were found to alter the risk for this post-COVID-19 infection sequelae.
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