ArticleBiology of reproduction2022
Glutamate can act as a signaling molecule in mouse preimplantation embryos†.
Article in Biology of reproduction, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative profiling of extracellular vesicles and miRNA cargo from in vivo- and in vitro-derived bovine embryos during blastulation and hatching.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Dynamics of the Mammalian Placental Metabolome in Placentogenesis and Embryonic Development.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Alteration of the follicular fluid amino acid profile reveals the important roles of several amino acids in embryo quality in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of neurodevelopmental toxicity of topiramate.Critical reviews in toxicology · 2024Review
- Metabolic imprinting in beef calves supplemented with creep feeding on performance, reproductive efficiency and metabolome profile.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Heat shock interferes with the amino acid metabolism of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes in vitro: a multistep analysis.Amino acids · 2024Article
- Metabolomics analysis of human cumulus cells obtained from cumulus-oocyte complexes with different developmental potential.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Metabolomic Profiling of Female Mink Serum during Early to Mid-Pregnancy to Reveal Metabolite Changes.Genes · 2023Article
- Maturation and culture affect the metabolomic profile of oocytes and follicular cells in young and old mares.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Interleukin-15 deficient rats have reduced osteopontin at the maternal-fetal interface.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Equine maternal aging affects the metabolomic profile of oocytes and follicular cells during different maturation time points.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Article
- Unveiling the functional diversity of ionotropic glutamate receptors in the Pacific oyster (Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
- Perspective: Might Maternal Dietary Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) Consumption Impact Pre- and Peri-Implantation Embryos and Their Subsequent Development?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) can affect physiological processes in preimplantation embryos via GABAReproductive medicine and biologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Free amino acids are present in the natural environment of the preimplantation embryo, and their availability can influence early embryo development. Glutamic acid is one of the amino acids with the highest concentrations in female reproductive fluids, and we investigated whether glutamic acid/glutamate can affect preimplantation embryo development by acting through cell membrane receptors. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we detected 15 ionotropic glutamate receptor transcripts and 8 metabotropic glutamate receptor transcripts in mouse ovulated oocytes and/or in vivo developed blastocysts. Using immunohistochemistry, we detected the expression of two α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits, three kainate receptor subunits, and member 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor protein in blastocysts. Extracellular concentrations of glutamic acid starting at 5 mM impaired mouse blastocyst development, and this fact may be of great practical importance since glutamic acid and its salts (mainly monosodium glutamate) are widely used as food additives. Experiments with glutamate receptor agonists (in combination with gene expression analysis) revealed that specific AMPA receptors (formed from glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA3 [GRIA3] and/or glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA4 [GRIA4] subunits), kainate receptors (formed from glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 3 [GRIK3] and glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 4 [GRIK4] or glutamate receptor, ionotropic, kainate 5 [GRIK5] subunits), and member 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor (GRM5) were involved in this effect. The glutamic acid-induced effects were prevented or reduced by pretreatment of blastocysts with AMPA, kainate, and GRM5 receptor antagonists, further confirming the involvement of these receptor types. Our results show that glutamic acid can act as a signaling molecule in preimplantation embryos, exerting its effects through the activation of cell membrane receptors.
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