ArticleViruses2022
SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in the Pulmonary Compartment of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients Correlates with Viral Serum Load and Fatal Outcomes.
Article in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Detectability of Pathogenic RNA Virus Families in Different Body Sites: A Scoping Review.Viruses · 2026Article
- Droplet Digital PCR or Real-Time PCR as a Method for Quantifying SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Plasma-Is There a Difference?Viruses · 2025Article
- Uncovering the Contrasts and Connections in PASC: Viral Load and Cytokine Signatures in Acute COVID-19 versus Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC).Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Serum cytokine dysregulation signatures associated with COVID-19 outcomes in high mortality intensive care unit cohorts across pandemic waves and variants.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ethanol Inhalation as a Method to Denature the Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Differential activation of programmed cell death in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection.Cell death discovery · 2023Article
- Article
- Effect of viral storm in patients admitted to intensive care units with severe COVID-19 in Spain: a multicentre, prospective, cohort study.The Lancet. Microbe · 2023Article
- Negative Conversion of Polymerase Chain Reaction and Clinical Outcomes according to the SARS-CoV-2 Variant in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2023Article
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While SARS-CoV-2 detection in sputum and swabs from the upper respiratory tract has been used as a diagnostic tool, virus quantification showed poor correlation to disease outcome and thus, poor prognostic value. Although the pulmonary compartment represents a relevant site for viral load analysis, limited data exploring the lower respiratory tract is available, and its association to clinical outcomes is relatively unknown. Using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and serum samples, we quantified SARS-CoV-2 copy numbers in the pulmonary and systemic compartments of critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a COVID-19 referral hospital in Croatia during the second and third pandemic waves. Clinical data, including 30-day survival after ICU admission, were included. We found that elevated SARS-CoV-2 copy numbers in both BAL and serum samples were associated with fatal outcomes. Remarkably, the highest and earliest viral loads after initiation of mechanical ventilation support were increased in the non-survival group. Our results imply that viral loads in the lungs contribute to COVID-19 disease severity, while blood titers correlate with lung virus titers, albeit at a lower level. Moreover, they suggest that BAL SARS-CoV-2 copy number quantification at ICU admission may provide a predictive parameter of clinical COVID-19 outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.