ReviewPharmaceutics2022
Beneath the Skin: A Review of Current Trends and Future Prospects of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- Film-Forming Gels for Topical Drug Delivery: A Systematic Review of the Effects of Formulation on Film Performance, Drug Release, and Skin Permeation.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Usefulness of Low-Resistance Electrodes Used in Iontophoresis to Enhance Skin Permeability of Drugs.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Next-generation microneedle patches for transdermal therapeutics and diagnostics.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Article
- Transdermal Delivery of Salbutamol from Nanoemulsions: Influence of Ternary Composition and Surfactant Architecture.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- A comprehensive review of thermal ablation technologies for transdermal drug delivery: mechanisms, commercial products, and future smart systems.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- Article
- Multi-component microneedle drug delivery system of sanfu herbal patch for allergic asthma in rats.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Nanotechnologies for Skin Drug Delivery: Polymeric, Bio-Based, and Hybrid Nanocarriers with Clinical and Translational Perspectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Transdermal drug delivery systems in cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and future perspectives.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Microneedle technology integrated with diverse therapeutic modalities for hair regrowth in alopecia.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Microneedles: Selected Applications for Pediatrics.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Impact of Drug Hydrophilicity on Transdermal Delivery by Nanoemulsions.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Navigating the Challenges of Metallopharmaceutical Agents: Strategies and Predictive Modeling for Skin Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Emerging Trends in Transdermal Drug Delivery: Nanoparticle Formulations and Technologies for Enhanced Skin Penetration and Drug Efficiency.Pharmaceutical nanotechnology · 2026Review
- The future of vesicular drug delivery: transferosomes in therapeutic advancement-applications, innovations and challenges.Biomedical engineering online · 2025Review
- Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms, Technologies, and Clinical Applications.Pharmaceutical research · 2025Review
- Advances in Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems for Antithrombotic Therapy: A Systematic Review.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Enhanced Skin Permeation of Diclofenac Sodium Using Mango Seed Kernel Starch Nanoparticles.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Strategic Modulation of Isoniazid Solubility through Cocrystal Formation for Long-Acting Microneedle Therapy of Tuberculosis.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ideal drug delivery system has a bioavailability comparable to parenteral dosage forms but is as convenient and easy to use for the patient as oral solid dosage forms. In recent years, there has been increased interest in transdermal drug delivery (TDD) as a non-invasive delivery approach that is generally regarded as being easy to administer to more vulnerable age groups, such as paediatric and geriatric patients, while avoiding certain bioavailability concerns that arise from oral drug delivery due to poor absorbability and metabolism concerns. However, despite its many merits, TDD remains restricted to a select few drugs. The physiology of the skin poses a barrier against the feasible delivery of many drugs, limiting its applicability to only those drugs that possess physicochemical properties allowing them to be successfully delivered transdermally. Several techniques have been developed to enhance the transdermal permeability of drugs. Both chemical (e.g., thermal and mechanical) and passive (vesicle, nanoparticle, nanoemulsion, solid dispersion, and nanocrystal) techniques have been investigated to enhance the permeability of drug substances across the skin. Furthermore, hybrid approaches combining chemical penetration enhancement technologies with physical technologies are being intensively researched to improve the skin permeation of drug substances. This review aims to summarize recent trends in TDD approaches and discuss the merits and drawbacks of the various chemical, physical, and hybrid approaches currently being investigated for improving drug permeability across the skin.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.