ReviewPharmaceutics2022
Strategies and Mechanism in Reversing Intestinal Drug Efflux in Oral Drug Delivery.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Breaking the Solubility-Permeability Tradeoff: Surfactant-Mediated Enhancement of Oral Etoposide Absorption.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Bioequivalence Evaluation of Immediate-Release Empagliflozin/Metformin Fixed-Dose Combination Tablets Under Fed Conditions in Healthy Mexican Subjects and Exploratory Analysis of Metformin Dose Proportionality.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Separation and Characterization of Self-Assembled Nanoparticles fromAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Role of Biofunctional Polymers in Polymer-Drug Conjugates: From Passive Carriers to Therapeutically Active Platforms.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Targeted phytotherapy: essential oils, multi-target cancer action & nanodelivery.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Exploring the Neuroprotective Potentials of Flavonoid Metabolites inJournal of experimental pharmacology · 2025Review
- Nanomedicine: Patuletin-conjugated with zinc oxide exhibit potent effects against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial pathogens.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2024Article
- Tigecycline Absorption Improved by Selected Excipients.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Efflux transporters distributed at the apical side of human intestinal epithelial cells actively transport drugs from the enterocytes to the intestinal lumen, which could lead to extremely poor absorption of drugs by oral administration. Typical intestinal efflux transporters involved in oral drug absorption process mainly include P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Drug efflux is one of the most important factors resulting in poor absorption of oral drugs. Caco-2 monolayer and everted gut sac are sued to accurately measure drug efflux in vitro. To reverse intestinal drug efflux and improve absorption of oral drugs, a great deal of functional amphiphilic excipients and inhibitors with the function of suppressing efflux transporters activity are generalized in this review. In addition, different strategies of reducing intestinal drugs efflux such as silencing transporters and the application of excipients and inhibitors are introduced. Ultimately, various nano-formulations of improving oral drug absorption by inhibiting intestinal drug efflux are discussed. In conclusion, this review has significant reference for overcoming intestinal drug efflux and improving oral drug absorption.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.