ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Preparation, Characterization, and In Vitro Anticancer Activity Evaluation of Broccoli-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Coated Astaxanthin Nanoparticles.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A Systematic Review on Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicles as emerging cardioprotective agents for cardiovascular diseases.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Nanovesicles: A Comprehensive Review from Isolation to Clinical Translation-Unlocking Natural Nanocarriers for Biomedical Applications.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Plant-derived nanovesicles: the intelligent nanoplatforms for therapeutics and drug delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Plant-derived extracellular vesicles for drug delivery: current and future.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles: Mechanisms of Cross-Kingdom Regulation and Perspectives as Natural Drug Carriers for Disease Treatment.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Stability Challenges and Engineering Strategies of Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Like Particles: A Translational Perspective.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Engineered plant extracellular vesicles: Emerging nanoplatforms for combinational cancer immunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Plant-Derived Exosomes: Nano-Inducers of Cross-Kingdom Regulations.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Stability Dynamics of Plant-Based Extracellular Vesicles Drug Delivery.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Review on extraction technology and function of plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles.Frontiers in medical technology · 2025Review
- From Garden to Clinic: Plant‑Derived Exosome‑Like Nanovesicles for Precision Oxidative Stress Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Plant-derived vesicles: isolation strategies and therapeutic applications.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Review
- Revolutionizing medicine: Harnessing plant-derived vesicles for therapy and drug transport.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Plant-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles: A Comprehensive Overview of Their Composition, Biogenesis, Isolation, and Biological Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Plant-derived nanovesicles: harnessing nature's power for tissue protection and repair.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Drug Delivery Potential of Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles fromAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Astaxanthin as a King of Ketocarotenoids: Structure, Synthesis, Accumulation, Bioavailability and Antioxidant Properties.Marine drugs · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AST) is a type of ketone carotenoid having significant antioxidation and anticancer abilities. However, its application is limited due to its low stability and bioavailability. In our study, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)-encapsulated AST (AST@PLGA) nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method and then further processed by ultrasound with broccoli-derived extracellular vesicles (BEVs), thereby evolving as BEV-coated AST@PLGA nanoparticles (AST@PLGA@BEVs). The preparation process and methods were optimized by three factors and three levels of response surface method to increase drug loading (DL). After optimization, the DL was increased to 6.824%, and the size, polydispersity index, and zeta potential of AST@PLGA@BEVs reached 191.60 ± 2.23 nm, 0.166, and -15.85 ± 0.92 mV, respectively. Moreover, AST@PLGA@BEVs exhibited more notable anticancer activity than AST in vitro. Collectively, these results indicate that the method of loading AST in broccoli-derived EVs is feasible and has important significance for the further development and utilization of AST as a functional food.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.