ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2022
Rapid Response of Refractory Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Skin Manifestations to Anifrolumab-A Case-Based Review of Clinical Trial Data Suggesting a Domain-Based Therapeutic Approach.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of emerging immunomodulatory agents versus standard therapies in refractory cutaneous lupus: A systematic review.Dermatology online journal · 2026Pooled it
- Anifrolumab in Refractory Discoid Lupus Erythematosus without Systemic Involvement: A Case Series of Five Patients.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- Observational
- Anifrolumab has a direct immunoregulatory effect on inflamed keratinocytes: implications for the treatment of lupus erythematosus skin lesions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Focus on Interferon Signature in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: Novel Therapies From Better Understanding of the Pathogenesis.Journal of immunology research · 2025Review
- IFN-I Score and Rare Genetic Variants in Children with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Clinical Trials of Interferon Inhibitors in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Preliminary Real-World Efficacy of Anifrolumab.Mediterranean journal of rheumatology · 2024Article
- Anifrolumab for Moderate and Severe Muco-Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Monocentric Experience and Review of the Current Literature.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Viewpoint on anifrolumab in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and a high unmet need in clinical practice.RMD open · 2023Article
- Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: An Update on Pathogenesis and Future Therapeutic Directions.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2023Review
- Successful treatment of severe chronic cutaneous lupus with anifrolumab: A series of 6 cases.JAAD case reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease, and organ manifestations, such as lupus nephritis (LN) or skin disease, may be refractory to standard treatment. Therefore, new agents are required to allow for a more personalized therapeutic approach. Recently, several new therapies have been approved internationally, including voclosporine for LN and anifrolumab for moderately to severely active SLE. Here, we report a case of SLE with a predominant and refractory cutaneous manifestation despite combination treatment with glucocorticoids, hydroxychloroquine, mycophenolate mofetil, and belimumab, which had been present for more than 12 months. Belimumab was switched to anifrolumab, and the patient responded quickly after two infusions (eight weeks) with a reduction in the Cutaneous Lupus Assessment and Severity Index (CLASI) from 17 to 7. In addition, we review the available clinical trial data for anifrolumab with a focus on cutaneous outcomes. Based on phase II and III clinical trials investigating the intravenous administration, a consistent CLASI improvement was observed at 12 weeks. Interestingly, in a phase II trial of subcutaneous anifrolumab application, CLASI response was not different from placebo at 12 weeks but numerically different at 24 and 52 weeks, respectively. Thus, anifrolumab emerges as an attractive new therapeutic option suggesting a possible domain-based approach.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.