ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
EGFR-Mutated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Resistance to Immunotherapy: Role of the Tumor Microenvironment.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Research trends in lung cancer and the tumor microenvironment: a bibliometric analysis of studies published from 2014 to 2023.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Progress and prospects of targeted therapy and immunotherapy for urachal carcinoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Pooled it
- Influence of oncogenic drivers and signaling pathways on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in NSCLC.Genes & diseases · 2027Review
- LncRNA FGD5-AS1 promotes M2 polarization of tumor-associated macrophages to facilitate the malignant phenotype of non-small cell lung cancer cells.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of liposomal irinotecan plus nimotuzumab in immune checkpoint inhibitor-refractory recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a single-arm, open-label, phase II trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Surgical and pathologic efficacy of neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- An externally validated lactylation-associated prognostic signature for overall survival prediction in lung adenocarcinoma identifiesTranslational cancer research · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Bioengineered PD-L1 siRNA for Immunotherapy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells.Non-coding RNA · 2026Article
- CCT7 Expression Affects the Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Screening of key host targets and mechanistic assessment of berberine modulation of host responses to respiratory syncytial virus.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Prognostic analysis and beneficiary population exploration of subsequent treatment regimens after third-generation EGFR-TKIs failure in EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective cohort study.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Article
- Immune Regulation and the Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Biological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Advances in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Current progress and combined approaches (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- The identification of RNA splicing aberrations and their potential regulatory network in Chinese non-small cell lung cancer.Respiratory research · 2026Article
- RB1 inactivation in cutaneous carcinomas.Histopathology · 2026Review
- Exploring the Potential of Receptor Silencing in the Tumor Microenvironment by RNA Interference.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Predicting PD-L1 expression in advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients using NECT, CECT radiomics and clinical features.BMC cancer · 2026Article
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. About 10-30% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbor mutations of the EGFR gene. The Tumor Microenvironment (TME) of patients with NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations displays peculiar characteristics and may modulate the antitumor immune response. EGFR activation increases PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, inducing T cell apoptosis and immune escape. EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) strengthen MHC class I and II antigen presentation in response to IFN-γ, boost CD8+ T-cells levels and DCs, eliminate FOXP3+ Tregs, inhibit macrophage polarization into the M2 phenotype, and decrease PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. Thus, targeted therapy blocks specific signaling pathways, whereas immunotherapy stimulates the immune system to attack tumor cells evading immune surveillance. A combination of TKIs and immunotherapy may have suboptimal synergistic effects. However, data are controversial because activated EGFR signaling allows NSCLC cells to use multiple strategies to create an immunosuppressive TME, including recruitment of Tumor-Associated Macrophages and Tregs and the production of inhibitory cytokines and metabolites. Therefore, these mechanisms should be characterized and targeted by a combined pharmacological approach that also concerns disease stage, cancer-related inflammation with related systemic symptoms, and the general status of the patients to overcome the single-drug resistance development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.