ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
Correlation between Population Density and COVID-19 Cases during the Third Wave in Malaysia: Effect of the Delta Variant.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Real-world comparative effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 primary vaccination campaigns against SARS-CoV-2 infections: a federated observational study emulating a target trial in three nations.European journal of public health · 2026Observational
- SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody profiles reveal variant specific antibody dynamics and regional differences in infection histories in Malawi.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Non-healthcare system interventions and COVID-19 daily cases: a multilevel time series analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Tracking the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Nicaragua throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Natural and socio-environmental factors in the transmission of COVID-19: a comprehensive analysis of epidemiology and mechanisms.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Tracking the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Nicaragua throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Enhancing SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in Malawi using telephone syndromic surveillance from July 2020 to April 2022.BMJ global health · 2024Article
- Mortality risk factors in the dependent population of Castilla-La Mancha (Spain) before and during the first COVID-19 wave.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Use of Population Weighted Density Index for Coronavirus Spread in the United States.Journal of health economics and outcomes research · 2024Article
- Article
- Exploration of spatiotemporal heterogeneity and socio-demographic determinants on COVID-19 incidence rates in Sarawak, Malaysia.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Estimation of the size of the COVID-19 pandemic using the epidemiological wavelength model: results from OECD countries.Public health · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Pandemic Fatigue and Its Sociodemographic, Mental Health Status, and Perceived Causes: A Cross-Sectional Study Nearing the Transition to an Endemic Phase in Malaysia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on dengue cases in Malaysia.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Effect of total population, population density and weighted population density on the spread of Covid-19 in Malaysia.PloS one · 2023Article
- Influence of the Demographic, Social, and Environmental Factors on the COVID-19 Pandemic-Analysis of the Local Variations Using Geographically Weighted Regression.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- COVID-19 clusters in Malaysia: characteristics, detection methods and modes of early transmission.Western Pacific surveillance and response journal : WPSARArticle
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10 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In this study, we describe the incidence and distribution of COVID-19 cases in Malaysia at district level and determine their correlation with absolute population and population density, before and during the period that the Delta variant was dominant in Malaysia.
methodsData on the number of locally transmitted COVID-19 cases in each of the 145 districts in Malaysia, between 20 September 2020 and 19 September 2021, were manually extracted from official reports. The cumulative number of COVID-19 cases, population and population density of each district were described using choropleth maps. The correlation between population and population density with the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases in each district in the pre-Delta dominant period (20 September 2020-29 June 2021) and during the Delta dominant period (30 June 2021-19 September 2021) were determined using Pearson's correlation.
resultsCOVID-19 cases were strongly correlated with both absolute population and population density (Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) = 0.87 and r = 0.78, respectively). A majority of the districts had higher numbers of COVID-19 cases during the Delta dominant period compared to the pre-Delta period. The correlation coefficient in the pre-Delta dominant period was r = 0.79 vs. r = 0.86 during the Delta dominant period, whereas the pre-Delta dominant population density was r = 0.72, and in the Delta dominant period, r = 0.76.
conclusionMore populous and densely populated districts have a higher risk of transmission of COVID-19, especially with the Delta variant as the dominant circulating strain. Therefore, extra and more stringent control measures should be instituted in highly populated areas to control the spread of COVID-19.
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