ReviewCancers2022
The Role of Immune Modulatory Cytokines in the Tumor Microenvironments of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas.
Review in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA Repair, Epigenetic Dysregulation, and Cytokine Network Crosstalk in Head and Neck Cancer: Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities and Clinical Trials.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Targeting metabolic reprogramming in HPV-associated oral squamous cell carcinoma: current advances, challenges, and clinical prospects.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Review
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts as a target in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: bridging mechanisms to therapy with drugs, adjuvants, and nanotechnology.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Targeting the NKG2D axis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: from molecular insights to clinical applications.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Hypoxia, metastatic origin and HPV16 E6/E7 expression differentially shape the radiation response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cuproptosis as a novel predictor of immunotherapy response and shapes the immune landscape in pan-cancer analysis.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- How Oncovirus Affects Drug Resistance in Cancer Cells.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms of therapeutic resistance in areca nut-associated oral squamous cell carcinoma: the interplay of chronic inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Immunomodulatory mediators IL-33, soluble ST2, IL-10, IFN-Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- The role of cytokines in pediatric hematologic malignancies: mechanisms of tumor progression and therapeutic implications - a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Review
- A Single-Cell Transcriptome Atlas of Epithelial Subpopulations in HPV-Positive and HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancers.Viruses · 2025Article
- The immunological landscape of CCL26Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Multi-omics decipher the immune microenvironment and unveil therapeutic strategies for postoperative ovarian cancer patients.Translational cancer research · 2024Article
- Bioactive Polysaccharides fromFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Targeting the chromatin structural changes of antitumor immunity.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2024Review
- Serum Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Leptin as Potential Biomarkers for Treatment Response and Toxicity in Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
- Exploring the function of myeloid cells in promoting metastasis in head and neck cancer.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Article
- Dental-derived stem cells in tissue engineering: the role of biomaterials and host response.Regenerative biomaterials · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
HNSCCs are the major progressive malignancy of the upper digestive and respiratory organs. Malignant phenotypes of HNSCCs are regulated by the pro- and anti-tumoral activities of the immune modulatory cytokines associated with TMEs, i.e., a representative pro-inflammatory cytokine, interferon (IFN)-γ, plays a role as an anti-tumor regulator against HNSCCs; however, IFN-γ also drives programmed death-ligand (PD-L) 1 expression to promote cancer stem cells. Interleukin (IL)-2 promotes the cytotoxic activity of T cells and natural killer cells; however, endogenous IL-2 can promote regulatory T cells (Tregs), resulting in the protection of HNSCCs. In this report, we first classified and mentioned the immune modulatory aspects of pro-inflammatory cytokines, pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines, and anti-inflammatory cytokines upon HNSCC phenotypes. In the TME of HNSCCs, pro-tumoral immune modulation is mediated by stromal cells, including CAFs, MDSCs, pDCs, and TAMs. Therefore, we evaluated the functions of cytokines and chemokines that mediate the crosstalk between tumor cells and stromal cells. In HNSCCs, the status of lymph node metastasis is an important hallmark of a worse prognosis. We therefore evaluated the possibility of chemokines mediating lymph node metastases in HNSCC patients. We also mention therapeutic approaches using anti-tumoral cytokines or immunotherapies that target cytokines, chemokines, or signal molecules essential for the immune evasion of HNSCCs. We finally discuss modulation by HPV infection upon HNSCC phenotypes, as well as the prognostic significance of serum cytokine levels in HNSCC patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.