ReviewBiomedicines2022
Causative Agents of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and Resistance to Antibiotics in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review.
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antimicrobial Peptides in Preventive Medicine: Current Perspectives on Coating Strategies.ACS infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Hospital-Acquired and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Observational Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Lower airway microbiota compositions and diversity among ventilator-associated pneumonia patients across COVID-19 epidemic phases: a retrospective study.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Bacterial Infections, Trends, and Resistance Patterns in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania-A Systematic Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Early tracheostomy in ventilated COVID-19 patients reduces incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Molecular Epidemiology ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Polymyxin B Peptide Hydrogel Coating: A Novel Approach to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Improving Outcomes in Nosocomial Pneumonia: Recent Evidence and More Challenges.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Article
- Clinical Setting Comparative Analysis of Uropathogens and Antibiotic Resistance: A Retrospective Study Spanning the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- The ongoing challenge of ventilator-associated pneumonia: epidemiology, prevention, and risk factors for mortality in a secondary care hospital intensive care unit.Infection prevention in practice · 2023Article
- Typing ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Electrosprayed Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Extracellular Matrix Nanoparticles Accelerate Cellular Wound Healing and Reduce Gram-Negative Bacterial Growth.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Multidrug-resistant VAP before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among hospitalized patients in a tertiary private hospital.Antimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have an increased risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This systematic review updates information on the causative agents of VAP and resistance to antibiotics in COVID-19 patients. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed/MEDLINE, and LILACS databases from December 2019 to December 2021. Studies that described the frequency of causative pathogens associated with VAP and their antibiotic resistance patterns in critically ill COVID-19 adult patients were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used for critical appraisal. The data are presented according to the number or proportions reported in the studies. A total of 25 articles were included, involving 2766 VAP cases in COVID-19 patients (range 5-550 VAP cases). Most of the studies included were carried out in France (32%), Italy (20%), Spain (12%) and the United States (8%). Gram-negative bacteria were the most frequent causative pathogens of VAP (range of incidences in studies:
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.