ArticleNPJ vaccines2022
Humoral response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in breastfeeding mothers and mother-to-infant antibody transfer through breast milk.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Building better antibody responses: The interplay of infection, vaccination, and immune imprinting.PNAS nexus · 2026Review
- SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk of women given one & two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.The Indian journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Role of IgA1 protease-producing bacteria in SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission: a hypothesis.mBio · 2024Article
- IgG antibody levels against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in mother-child dyads after COVID-19 vaccination.Infection · 2024Article
- COVID-19 mRNA vaccine-mediated antibodies in human breast milk and their association with breast milk microbiota composition.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Vertical transmission and maternal passive immunity post-SARS-CoV-2.Future virology · 2023Review
- Impact of the Presence Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgA in the Colostrum of Women Infected by COVID-19 During the Pregnancy in Neonatal Clinical Outcomes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Maternal and child health journal · 2023Article
- Levels of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Mothers and Neonates after Vaccination during Pregnancy.Vaccines · 2023Article
- COVID-19 Vaccines during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The magnitude of mother-to-infant transfer of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies through breast milk (BM) after maternal vaccination during breastfeeding, in the absence of transplacental transfer of IgG, remains unclear. Here, we quantified anti-S and anti-RBD IgG, IgA, IgA1, and IgA2 in maternal serum, maternal saliva, BM, infant buccal swabs, and infant feces up to 90 days after the second maternal vaccine dose. BNT162b2 vaccine induced long-lasting IgG in maternal serum, but weaker mucosal antibody production, with anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA amounts in BM between 10- and 150-fold lower compared to serum. BM IgA were exclusively of the IgA1 isotype, with no production of the mucosal-specific and protease-resistant IgA2. Accordingly, only traces of antibodies were retrieved from the feces of breastfed infants, and no IgG nor IgA were retrieved from infants' buccal swabs. Newly engineered anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines may be needed to stimulate the antibody production at mucosal sites such as breast milk.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.