ArticleBMJ open respiratory research2022
Contact investigation of tuberculosis in Brunei Darussalam: Evaluation and risk factor analysis.
Article in BMJ open respiratory research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Applying Multiple Analyses to Quantify Changes in the Global, Regional, and National Burden of Tuberculosis From 1990 to 2021 and the Forecast Until 2035.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025Article
- Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Household Contacts of Drug-sensitive Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients: A Cross-sectional Study from Medan, Indonesia.Acta medica Philippina · 2025Article
- The yield of tuberculosis contact investigation on relapsed TB patients and analysis of associated risk factors: Singapore's experience.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Brunei Darussalam: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2023Article
- Development and implementation of a national mobile health application: A case study from Brunei.Journal of global health · 2022Article
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4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
introductionWe evaluated the yield of tuberculosis (TB) contact investigation in Brunei Darussalam, and identified the associated factors for latent TB infection (LTBI) diagnosis, as well as for initiating and completing LTBI treatment.
methodsData were extracted and digitalised for all close contacts of pulmonary TB (PTB) cases at the National TB Coordinating Centre from January 2009 to December 2018. Generalising estimating equations logistic regression models were used to determine the associated factors. Manual matching against electronic health records system was done to identify contacts who had progressed to active TB disease.
resultsAmong 10 537 contacts, 9.9% (n=1047) were diagnosed as LTBI, out of which 43.0% (n=450) initiated LTBI treatment. Among those who initiated, 74.0% (n=333) completed LTBI treatment. Contact factors associated with LTBI diagnosis include being male (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.18 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.34)), local (aOR=0.70 (95% CI 0.56 to 0.88)) and a household contact (aOR=1.59 (95% CI 1.26 to 1.99)). Contacts of index cases who were <60 years old and diagnosed as smear positive PTB (aOR=1.62 (95% CI 1.19 to 2.20)) had higher odds of being diagnosed with LTBI. Local LTBI cases had higher odds of initiating LTBI treatment (aOR=1.86 (95% CI 1.26 to 2.73)). Also, LTBI cases detected from local (aOR=2.32 (95% CI 1.08 to 4.97)) and smear positive PTB index cases (aOR=2.23 (95% CI 1.09 to 4.55)) had higher odds of completing LTBI treatment. Among 1047 LTBI cases, 5 (0.5%) had progressed to active PTB within 1-8 years post-LTBI diagnosis. DISCUSSION: LTBI burden is disproportionately high towards foreign nationals, with higher odds of LTBI diagnosis but lower odds of treatment initiation. Determining the reasons of not initiating LTBI treatment will be useful to help improve LTBI treatment uptake. Establishing digital databases and building TB laboratory capacity for molecular typing would be useful to determine the contribution of LTBI or reactivation towards TB incidence in Brunei.
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