Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35737600›Full record

SynthesisAge and ageing2022

The role of resistance exercise training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Thomas F F Smart, Brett Doleman, Jacob Hatt, Melanie Paul, Suzanne Toft, Jonathan N Lund, Bethan E Phillips

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Age and ageing, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05936892 (Comparative Effects of UE Aerobic and Resistance Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Hypertensive Patients), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
13.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05936892 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Comparative Effects of UE Aerobic and Resistance Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Hypertensive Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorRiphah International UniversityRan2023 to 2023Enrolled40ConditionsBlood PressureArmsupper extremity aerobic training, upper extremity resistance training
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  9. LEAP! Rx: A randomized trial of a pragmatic approach to lifestyle medicine.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024
    Trial
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Physical exercise in liver diseases.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with HR-pQCT bone parameters in older adults: the Study of Muscle, Mobility and Aging (SOMMA).Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Thomas F F SmartCentre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4518-1004
Brett DolemanCentre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK.
Jacob HattCentre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK.
Melanie PaulCentre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK.
Suzanne ToftDepartment of Surgery and Anaesthetics, Royal Derby Hospital, Derby DE22 3NE, UK.
Jonathan N LundCentre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK.
Bethan E PhillipsCentre of Metabolism, Ageing and Physiology (COMAP), School of Medicine, Royal Derby Hospital Centre, University of Nottingham, Derby DE22 3DT, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1430-1870
University of Nottingham · GBRoyal Derby Hospital · GB

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council MR/R502364/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDeclines in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscle mass are both associated with advancing age and each of these declines is associated with worse health outcomes. Resistance exercise training (RET) has previously been shown to improve muscle mass and function in the older population. If RET is also able to improve CRF, as it has been shown to do in younger populations, it has the potential to improve multiple health outcomes in the expanding older population.

methodsThis systematic review aimed to identify the role of RET for improving CRF in healthy older adults. A search across CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and EMCARE databases was conducted with meta-analysis performed on eligible papers to identify improvements in established CRF parameters (VO2 peak, aerobic threshold (AT), 6-minute walking distance test (6MWT) following RET intervention. Main eligibility criteria included older adults (aged over 60), healthy cohorts (disease-specific cohorts were excluded) and RET intervention.

resultsThirty-seven eligible studies were identified. Meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in VO2 peak (MD 1.89 ml/kg/min; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21-2.57 ml/kg/min), AT (MD 1.27 ml/kg/min; 95% CI 0.44-2.09 ml/kg/min) and 6MWT (MD 30.89; 95% CI 26.7-35.08) in RET interventions less than 24 weeks. There was no difference in VO2 peak or 6MWT in interventions longer than 24 weeks. DISCUSSION: This systematic review adds to a growing body of evidence supporting the implementation of RET in the older population for improving whole-body health, particularly in time-limited timeframes.

Indexed as

Cardiorespiratory FitnessMuscular DiseasesResistance TrainingAgedExerciseExercise TherapyHealth StatusHumansageingcardiorespiratory fitnesshealtholder peopleresistance exercisesystematic review

Identifiers

PMID35737600
PMCPMC9220026
OpenAlexW4283383571

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.