ArticleAndrology2022
The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: Prostate-vesicular transrectal ultrasound reference ranges and associations with clinical, seminal and biochemical characteristics.
Article in Andrology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role of the radiologist in the evaluation of male infertility: recommendations of the European Society of Urogenital Radiology-Scrotal and Penile Imaging Working Group (ESUR-SPIWG) for scrotal imaging.European radiology · 2025Guideline
- Clinical Presentation of Chronic Abacterial Prostatitis Shows No Association with TAS2R38 Taster Status.Urologia internationalis · 2026Article
- Establishing reference values and evaluating diagnostic utility of scrotal ultrasound for azoospermia subtypes: A cross-sectional study in Guangdong, China.The ultrasound journal · 2026Article
- Normozoospermic men in infertile couples: Potential benefit of early medical diagnostic procedures.Andrology · 2026Article
- Contemporary Diagnostic Work-Up for Male Infertility: Emphasizing Comprehensive Baseline Assessment.The world journal of men's health · 2025Review
- Case report: Prostatic malakoplakia: a rare disease that has a profile mimicking prostate cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Multiparametric Ultrasound for Diagnosing Testicular Lesions: Everything You Need to Know in Daily Clinical Practice.Cancers · 2023Review
- Genetically elevated bioavailable testosterone level was associated with the occurrence of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2023Article
- Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) in Imaging of the Reproductive System in Dogs: A Literature Review.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- The European Academy of Andrology (EAA) ultrasound study on healthy, fertile men: An overview on male genital tract ultrasound reference ranges.Andrology · 2022Article
- Article
- Abnormal Ultrasound Characteristics of Seminal Vesicles in Patient With Anejaculation: A Case Report.American journal of men's healthArticle
- Beyond the Basics: Best Practices in Scrotal Ultrasound for the Infertile Male.International braz j urol : official journal of the Brazilian Society of UrologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
32 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTransrectal ultrasound (TRUS) parameters are not standardized, especially in men of reproductive age. Hence, the European Academy of Andrology (EAA) promoted a multicenter study to assess the TRUS characteristics of healthy-fertile men (HFM) to establish normative parameters.
objectivesTo report and discuss the prostate and seminal vesicles (SV) reference ranges and characteristics in HFM and their associations with clinical, seminal, biochemical parameters.
methods188 men (35.6 ± 6.0 years) from a cohort of 248 HFM were studied, evaluating, on the same day, clinical, biochemical, seminal, TRUS parameters following Standard Operating Procedures.
resultsTRUS reference ranges and characteristics of the prostate and SV of HFM are reported herein. The mean PV was ∼25 ml. PV lower and upper limits were 15 and 35 ml, defining prostate hypotrophy and enlargement, respectively. PV was positively associated with age, waistline, current smoking (but not with T levels), seminal volume (and negatively with seminal pH), prostate inhomogeneity, macrocalcifications, calcification size and prostate arterial parameters, SV volume before and after ejaculation, deferential and epididymal size. Prostate calcifications and inhomogeneity were frequent, while midline prostatic cysts were rare and small. Ejaculatory duct abnormalities were absent. Periprostatic venous plexus size was positively associated with prostate calcifications, SV volume and arterial peak systolic velocity. Lower and upper limits of SV anterior-posterior diameter after ejaculation were 6 and 16 mm, defining SV hypotrophy or dilation, respectively. SV total volume before ejaculation and delta SV total volume (DSTV) positively correlated with ejaculate volume, and DSTV correlated positively with sperm progressive motility. SV total volume after ejaculation was associated negatively with SV ejection fraction and positively with distal ampullas size. SV US abnormalities were rare. No association between TRUS and time to pregnancy, number of children or history of miscarriage was observed.
conclusionsThe present findings will help in better understanding male infertility pathophysiology and the meaning of specific TRUS findings.
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