Ruptured pulmonary hydatid cyst presenting as hemoptysis in TB endemic country: A case report.

Introduction: Hydatid disease is a major zoonotic disease. After the liver, the lungs are the common site of involvement. Clinical manifestations of the disease depend on the site and size of the cysts as well as the presence of complications. The majority of the cases remain asymptomatic. Complicated pulmonary cysts can present as chest pain, cough, shortness of breath, and hemoptysis. Sometimes, imaging is not sufficient for diagnosis and histopathological evaluation can provide the confirmatory diagnosis. Case presentation: A 32-year-old female presented with the complaints of episodic hemoptysis for the duration of two years. Radiological imaging could not provide a confirmatory diagnosis. Bronchoscopy was planned further. An endobronchial biopsy was taken for histopathological evaluation after seeing the whitish membranous structure within the right middle lobe bronchus. Hence, the diagnosis of ruptured cystic pulmonary hydatidosis was made. Clinical discussion: Conclusion: Uncomplicated hydatid cysts are most commonly diagnosed incidentally in the adult population. Complicated hydatid cyst can present with various clinical manifestations. Episodic hemoptysis is one of the manifestations in our case. Clinicians should be aware of the typical as well as atypical manifestations of pulmonary hydatid disease.