ArticleeNeurologicalSci2022
The longitudinal relationship between fatigue, depression, anxiety, disability, and adherence with cognitive status in patients with early multiple sclerosis treated with interferon beta-1a.
Article in eNeurologicalSci, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The relationship between depression, anxiety, and disability in patients with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study from western Iran.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Trajectories of Digital Cognitive Biomarkers for Multiple Sclerosis.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2025Observational
- Anxiety and Cognition in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.International journal of MS care · 2025Review
- Trajectories of self-reported fatigue following initiation of multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapy.Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2024Observational
- Immunity impacts cognitive deficits across neurological disorders.Journal of neurochemistry · 2024Review
- Executive Functioning Constructs in Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Related Disorders.Current psychiatry reports · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Cognitive dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis and may worsen with reduced treatment adherence. We examined longitudinal relationships between anxiety, depression, fatigue, disability and adherence with cognitive status in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with interferon beta-1a in four countries. Methods: The Confidence study is a prospective study in 165 people with MS with four visits (baseline/12/24/36 months). Physical and psychological symptoms were assessed using standardized questionnaires. Adherence was calculated as the number of injections divided by number of expected injections. Cognitive status was assessed by the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests and converted to a global Z-score. Results: At baseline, mean age was 35.7 ± 11 years and 66% were female ( Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for a longitudinal association between depression and low cognitive status in patients treated with interferon beta-1a in routine medical practice.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.