ArticleInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2022
International changes in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) epidemiology during the COVID-19 pandemic: Association with school closures.
Article in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- The age profile of respiratory syncytial virus burden in preschool children of low- and middle-income countries: A semi-parametric, meta-regression approach.PLoS medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in older and high-risk adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence from developed countries.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical and epidemiological profile of infants with severe bronchiolitis before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Jornal de pediatria · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and severity of pediatric influenza hospitalizations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a surveillance study of the Canadian immunization monitoring program (IMPACT), 2012-2023.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2026Article
- Invasive group A streptococcal infections requiring paediatric intensive care in children and adolescents: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Austria.European journal of pediatrics · 2026Observational
- Structural vaccinology expedites rational design of next-generation vaccines for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.Virologica Sinica · 2026Review
- Temporal trends in RSV-specific antibody seroprevalence among hosptalized children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: a retrospective cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A One-Year Wastewater-Based Surveillance Study of the Main Human Respiratory Viruses in a Middle-Size Spanish City During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- A Study on Clinical Features of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Elderly Hospitalized Patients in Winter.Canadian respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and clinical impact of pediatric RSV co-infections after the COVID-19 pandemic: a narrative review.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Review
- Ecological reshaping of pediatric respiratory pathogen profiles after COVID-19-related non-pharmaceutical interventions were lifted: a 5-year interrupted time-series study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Trends and estimated costs of hospitalizations potentially associated with respiratory syncytial virus among children in Brazil, 2014-2025.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2026Article
- Impact of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized children.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Long-Term Epidemiological Trends of Human Adenovirus Infection in South Korea: A Single-Center Study (2007-2024).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of RSV hospitalization on healthcare costs, caregivers' productivity loss, and quality of life in children ≤ 2 years old in five European countries.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Circulation of RSV Subtypes A and B Among Mexican Children During the 2021-2022 and 2022-2023 Seasons.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Resurgence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in children: emerging challenges and opportunities.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Dynamics of RSV hospitalization rates in ≤ 2-year-old children between 2020-2023 in Europe.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- A randomised controlled trial comparing epinephrine and dexamethasone to placebo in the treatment of infants with bronchiolitis: the Bronchiolitis in Infants PlaceboERJ open research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLittle RSV activity was observed during the first expected RSV season since the COVID-19 pandemic. Multiple countries later experienced out-of-season RSV resurgences, yet their association with non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) is unclear. This study aimed to describe the changes in RSV epidemiology during the COVID-19 pandemic and to estimate the association between individual NPIs and the RSV resurgences.
methodsRSV activity from Week (W)12-2020 to W44-2021 was compared with three pre-pandemic seasons using RSV surveillance data from Brazil, Canada, Chile, France, Israel, Japan, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, the Netherlands and the United States. Changes in nine NPIs within 10 weeks before RSV resurgences were described. Associations between NPIs and RSV activity were assessed with linear mixed models. Adherence to NPIs was not taken into account.
resultsAverage delay of the first RSV season during the COVID-19 pandemic was 39 weeks (range: 13-88 weeks). Although the delay was <40 weeks in six countries, a missed RSV season was observed in Brazil, Chile, Japan, Canada and South Korea. School closures, workplace closures, and stay-at-home requirements were most commonly downgraded before an RSV resurgence. Reopening schools and lifting stay-at-home requirements were associated with increases of 1.31% (p = 0.04) and 2.27% (p = 0.06) in the deviation from expected RSV activity.
conclusionThe first RSV season during the COVID-19 pandemic was delayed in the 11 countries included. Reopening of schools was consistently associated with increased RSV activity. As NPIs were often changed concomitantly, the association between RSV activity and school closures may be partly attributed to other NPIs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.