ArticleSmall (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)2022
4D Printing of Extrudable and Degradable Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Microgel Scaffolds for Multidimensional Cell Culture.
Article in Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Photoresponsive Granular Hydrogels Enable Spatiotemporal Control of Matrix Mechanics and MSC Behavior.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Integrating microchannels and flows into 3D printable granular hydrogel matrices.Lab on a chip · 2026Article
- Packed Hydrogel Microfibers as Scaffolds Supporting Dynamic Cellular Behavior and Biomaterial Inks in 3D Printing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Bioactive and Injectable Granular Hydrogels Incorporating Decellularized Extracellular Matrix.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- Cell-embedded microgels as emerging miniature 3D tissue-mimics toward biochip-based toxicity screening.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2026Review
- Dynamic Regulation of Granular Hydrogels Through Guest-Host Interactions to Spatiotemporally Guide Cellular Migration.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Multiscale Structure-Property Relationships in Gelatin-Based Granular Hydrogel Scaffolds.ACS macro letters · 2025Article
- Granular Hydrogels as Brittle Yield Stress Fluids.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Interparticle Crosslinked Ion-Responsive Microgels for 3D and 4D (Bio)Printing Applications.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Clickable PEG-norbornene microgels support suspension bioprinting and microvascular assembly.Acta biomaterialia · 2025Article
- Reinforced Granular Hydrogels Scaffolds with Tunable Physicochemical Properties for Advanced Skin Tissue Engineering.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Biofabrication and Characterization of Vascularizing PEG-Norbornene Microgels.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Measurement and Comparison of Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogel Mechanics Across Length Scales.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Programmed shape transformations in cell-laden granular composites.Science advances · 2025Article
- Hierarchically Structured and Tunable Hydrogel Patches: Design, Characterization, and Application.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
- Gelatin maleimide microgels for hematopoietic progenitor cell encapsulation.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2024Article
- Engineered Shape-Morphing Transitions in Hydrogels Through Suspension Bath Printing of Temperature-Responsive Granular Hydrogel Inks.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Facile Physicochemical Reprogramming of PEG-Dithiolane Microgels.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Photoinduced Dithiolane Crosslinking for Multiresponsive Dynamic Hydrogels.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2024Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Granular synthetic hydrogels are useful bioinks for their compatibility with a variety of chemistries, affording printable, stimuli-responsive scaffolds with programmable structure and function. Additive manufacturing of microscale hydrogels, or microgels, allows for the fabrication of large cellularized constructs with percolating interstitial space, providing a platform for tissue engineering at length scales that are inaccessible by bulk encapsulation where transport of media and other biological factors are limited by scaffold density. Herein, synthetic microgels with varying degrees of degradability are prepared with diameters on the order of hundreds of microns by submerged electrospray and UV photopolymerization. Porous microgel scaffolds are assembled by particle jamming and extrusion printing, and semi-orthogonal chemical cues are utilized to tune the void fraction in printed scaffolds in a logic-gated manner. Scaffolds with different void fractions are easily cellularized post printing and microgels can be directly annealed into cell-laden structures. Finally, high-throughput direct encapsulation of cells within printable microgels is demonstrated, enabling large-scale 3D culture in a macroporous biomaterial. This approach provides unprecedented spatiotemporal control over the properties of printed microporous annealed particle scaffolds for 2.5D and 3D tissue culture.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.