ArticleThe New England journal of medicine2022
Maternal Vaccination and Risk of Hospitalization for Covid-19 among Infants.
Open access · greenAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph
Article in The New England journal of medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 132 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
132citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
38.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
132 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 215 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and Effectiveness of COVID-19 Vaccines During Pregnancy: A Living Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Drug safety · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccines on maternal and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2024Pooled it
- Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous COVID-19 vaccination in pregnant women.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Trial
- Neonatal intensive care unit admission among infants born full-term to CDC's COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry participants: A matched cohort study.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Time to rethink prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal disease.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Maternal RSVpreF Vaccine Effectiveness Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Hospitalized Infants.JAMA pediatrics · 2026Article
- Maternal Antibody Interference and Hybrid Immune Responses to COVID-19 Vaccination in Young Children.Research square · 2026Article
- Neonatal and Infant Health Outcomes Following Maternal COVID-19 Vaccination: CDC's COVID-19 Vaccine Pregnancy Registry.Journal of pediatric health care : official publication of National Association of Pediatric Nurse Associates & Practitioners · 2026Article
- Article
- Maternal vaccination timing shapes the composition and maturation of antibody clonotypes transferred to the newborn.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Severe COVID-19 in Pregnant Versus Nonpregnant Women: Intensive Care Unit Outcomes and Perinatal Risks.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Association Between COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy and Safety Among Infants.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2026Article
- Advancing child health: forecasting the next great research achievements.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Before and During Pregnancy and Prevention of Infant COVID-19 Infection.Pediatrics · 2026Article
- Global vaccine development.Nature medicine · 2026Review
- Intra-Omicron Reinfection with JN.1.16 and NB.1.8.1 in a Preterm Infant: First NB.1.8.1 Detection in Tunisia-A Case Report.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of 2023-2024 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccines in Pregnant Women.Obstetrics and gynecology · 2026Article
- Characteristics of Young Children Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Failure From Infection With Respiratory Syncytial Virus, SARS-CoV-2, or Both, November 2023-March 2024.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Mechanistic insights into the impact of prenatal viral infections on maternal and offspring immunity.Npj viruses · 2026Review
- Maternal RSV vaccination: clinical efficacy, safety, and global policy considerations: a systematic review.Journal of pharmaceutical policy and practice · 2026Review
72 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
43 authors at 20 institutions in 2 countries.
Natasha B HalasaFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Samantha M OlsonFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).ORCID 0000-0003-0589-5766
Mary A StaatFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Margaret M NewhamsFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Ashley M PriceFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Pia S PannarajFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Julie A BoomFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Leila C SahniFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Kathleen ChiotosFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Melissa A CameronFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Katherine E BlineFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Charlotte V HobbsFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Aline B MadduxFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Bria M CoatesFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Kelly N MichelsonFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Sabrina M HeidemannFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).ORCID 0000-0002-4071-0280
Katherine IrbyFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Ryan A NofzigerFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Elizabeth H MackFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Laura SmallcombFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Stephanie P SchwartzFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Tracie C WalkerFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Shira J GertzFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Jennifer E SchusterFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Satoshi KamidaniFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).ORCID 0000-0001-6829-0700
Keiko M TarquinioFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Samina S BhumbraFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Mia MaamariFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Janet R HumeFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Hillary CrandallFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Emily R LevyFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Matt S ZinterFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).ORCID 0000-0003-3351-3278
Tamara T BradfordFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Heidi R FloriFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Melissa L CullimoreFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Michele KongFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Natalie Z CvijanovichFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Suzanne M GilboaFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Kara N PolenFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Angela P CampbellFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Adrienne G RandolphFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Manish M PatelFrom the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville (N.B.H.); the Covid-19 Response Team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S.M.O., A.M.P., S.M.G., K.N.P., A.P.C., M.M.P.), the Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta and the Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine (S.K.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (K.M.T.) - all in Atlanta; the Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati (M.A.S.), the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus (K.E.B.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Akron Children's Hospital, Akron (R.A.N.) - all in Ohio; the Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital (M.M.N., A.G.R.), and the Departments of Anaesthesia and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School (A.G.R.) - both in Boston; the Division of Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, and the Departments of Pediatrics and Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles (P.S.P.), the Division of Pediatric Hospital Medicine, UC San Diego-Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego (M.A.C.), the Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Critical Care Medicine and Allergy, Immunology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco (M.S.Z.), and the Division of Critical Care Medicine, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland (N.Z.C.) - all in California; the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Immunization Project, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston (J.A.B., L.C.S.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia (K.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (C.V.H.); the Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora (A.B.M.); the Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago (B.M.C., K.N.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit (S.M.H.), and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Mott Children's Hospital and University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (H.R.F.); the Section of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock (K.I.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine (E.H.M.), and the Department of Pediatrics (L.S.), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill (S.P.S., T.C.W.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Cooperman Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ (S.J.G.); the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (J.E.S.); the Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (S.S.B.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Children's Medical Center, Dallas (M.M.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, University of Minnesota Masonic Children's Hospital, Minneapolis (J.R.H.), and the Divisions of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester (E.R.L.) - both in Minnesota; the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (H.C.); the Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center and Children's Hospital of New Orleans, New Orleans (T.T.B.); the Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, NE (M.L.C.); and the Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham (M.K.).
Overcoming Covid-19 Investigators
The Centers · USCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · UGBaylor College of Medicine · USBoston Children's Hospital · USChildren's Hospital of Los Angeles · USEmory University · USLurie Children's Hospital · USUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · USAkron Children's Hospital · USArkansas Children's Hospital · USCentral Michigan University · USChildren's Hospital Colorado · USChildren's Hospital of Philadelphia · USChildren's Medical Center · USChildren's Mercy Hospital · USCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USJackson Memorial Hospital · USLouisiana State University · USNationwide Children's Hospital · USSaint Barnabas Medical Center · US
Funding
NCIRD CDC HHS 75D30121C10297
Abstract
backgroundInfants younger than 6 months of age are at high risk for complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and are not eligible for vaccination. Transplacental transfer of antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) after maternal Covid-19 vaccination may confer protection against Covid-19 in infants.
methodsWe used a case-control test-negative design to assess the effectiveness of maternal vaccination during pregnancy against hospitalization for Covid-19 among infants younger than 6 months of age. Between July 1, 2021, and March 8, 2022, we enrolled infants hospitalized for Covid-19 (case infants) and infants hospitalized without Covid-19 (control infants) at 30 hospitals in 22 states. We estimated vaccine effectiveness by comparing the odds of full maternal vaccination (two doses of mRNA vaccine) among case infants and control infants during circulation of the B.1.617.2 (delta) variant (July 1, 2021, to December 18, 2021) and the B.1.1.259 (omicron) variant (December 19, 2021, to March 8, 2022).
resultsA total of 537 case infants (181 of whom had been admitted to a hospital during the delta period and 356 during the omicron period; median age, 2 months) and 512 control infants were enrolled and included in the analyses; 16% of the case infants and 29% of the control infants had been born to mothers who had been fully vaccinated against Covid-19 during pregnancy. Among the case infants, 113 (21%) received intensive care (64 [12%] received mechanical ventilation or vasoactive infusions). Two case infants died from Covid-19; neither infant's mother had been vaccinated during pregnancy. The effectiveness of maternal vaccination against hospitalization for Covid-19 among infants was 52% (95% confidence interval [CI], 33 to 65) overall, 80% (95% CI, 60 to 90) during the delta period, and 38% (95% CI, 8 to 58) during the omicron period. Effectiveness was 69% (95% CI, 50 to 80) when maternal vaccination occurred after 20 weeks of pregnancy and 38% (95% CI, 3 to 60) during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy.
conclusionsMaternal vaccination with two doses of mRNA vaccine was associated with a reduced risk of hospitalization for Covid-19, including for critical illness, among infants younger than 6 months of age. (Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.).
Indexed as
COVID-19COVID-19 VaccinesHospitalizationmRNA VaccinesPregnancy Complications, InfectiousFemaleHumansInfantMothersPregnancySARS-CoV-2VaccinationVaccines, SyntheticCOVID-19 VaccinesmRNA VaccinesVaccines, Synthetic
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
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Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.