ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2023
The Healthcare Discrimination Experience Scale: Assessing a Variable Crucial for Explaining Racial/Ethnic Inequities in Patient Activation and Health.
Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Perpetual Cycle of Racial Bias in Healthcare and Healthcare Education: A Systematic Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Pooled it
- Communication Barriers in Patient-Provider Interactions in Health Care: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Experiences of discrimination in reproductive healthcare: a psychometric evaluation of a discrimination measure for family planning settings.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- A Qualitative Exploration of Primary Care Clinicians' Perceptions of Hypertensive Black Patients.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Development and Initial Validation of a Measure of Parental Racial/Ethnic Discrimination in Pediatric Healthcare.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Eliciting patient past experiences of healthcare discrimination as a potential pathway to reduce health disparities: A qualitative study of primary care staff.Health services research · 2025Article
- The Everyday Wellbeing Appraisal Scale: Assessing a type of subjective well-being uniquely associated with health behavior in people with hypertension.Psychological assessment · 2024Article
- Barriers and Facilitators of Digital Health Use for Self-Management of Hypertensive Disorders by Black Pregnant Women.AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Healthcare discrimination experience is expected to be a consequential variable that explains racial/ethnic inequities in patient activation and health; however, existing scales assessing healthcare discrimination experience are limited by insufficient psychometric development and overly narrow construct definitions. A new Healthcare Discrimination Experience Scale was developed, validated, compared to an existing scale, and used to estimate effects in explaining racial/ethnic health inequities. Across two studies, 975 patients with hypertension or diabetes (43% Black, 10% other Persons of Color, 47% White, 53% having household incomes < 40 thousand dollars) were recruited through marketing research panels to complete online questionnaires. Compared to an existing measure, the new scale better detected differences between People of Color and White people. It produced good results in confirmatory factor analysis and item response theory analysis, and it mediated the effects of racial/ethnic identity on eight variables regarding patient-practitioner relationships, treatment adherence, general health, blood pressure, and life stress. The new scale is valid for assessing a broadly defined healthcare discrimination experience construct in diverse patients with chronic medical conditions, and it is more sensitive to group differences than the best existing alternative scale. Compared to research using unvalidated scales, the results of this study demonstrate that healthcare discrimination experience plays a larger role in explaining racial/ethnic inequities in patient activation and health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.