ArticleInternational ophthalmology2022
Histological and molecular characterization of glaucoma model induced by one or two injections of microbeads to the anterior chamber of mice.
Article in International ophthalmology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular and Histological Characterization of a Novel Hydrogel-Based Strategy for Inducing Experimental Glaucoma in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Photocrosslinkable Sericin Hydrogel Injected into the Anterior Chamber of Mice with Chronic Ocular Hypertension Efficacy, Medication Sensitivity, and Material Safety.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Azithromycin and Sildenafil May Have Protective Effects on Retinal Ganglion Cells via Different Pathways: Study in a Rodent Microbead Model.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo characterize glaucoma-induced damage following injections of plastic microbeads into the anterior chamber of mice.
methodsMice were divided into three groups: a single plastic microbeads injection (n = 21); two consecutive plastic microbead injections to the right eye at 1-week intervals, 4 of which with two consecutive saline injections in the left eye (n = 15); and an additional control group of two consecutive saline injections at 1-week intervals (n = 6). Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured weekly. Retinal thickness, ganglion cells (RGCs) and axonal loss, inflammatory and gliosis reactions were measured at week four. Molecular analysis using qRT-PCR in the microbeads injection groups focused on expression levels of inflammation and glaucoma-related genes.
resultsMean IOP following single injection at 4 weeks was significantly elevated compared to baseline in injected eyes (14.5 ± 3.3 mmHg vs. 11.1 ± 2.5 mmHg, respectively, p = 0.003) and not in fellow eyes (13.2 ± 2.9 mmHg vs. 12.2 ± 2.9, respectively, NS). Six (35.3%) bead-injected eyes had IOP ≥ 17 mmHg compared with 2 (11.8%) saline-injected control eyes. Retinal thickness in injected and fellow eyes was 193.7 ± 15.5 µm and 223.9 ± 15.5 µm, respectively (p = 0.03). RGC loss in injected and fellow eyes was 16.0 ± 0.5 and 17.6 ± 0.7 cells per 200 µm, respectively (p = 0.005). Retinal gliosis, axonal loss and inflammatory cell infiltration to the bead-injected eyes were noted. Molecular analysis following double injection showed STAT3 expression decreased in the glaucoma-induced optic nerves (0.69 ± 0.3 vs. 1.16 ± 0.3, p = 0.04), but increased in the glaucoma-induced retinae (p = 0.05) versus saline; retinal IL-1β decreased significantly (0.04 ± 0.04 vs. 0.36 ± 0.2, p = 0.02). TNF-α, NFkB and SOD-1 expression did not change.
conclusionOne/two injections of microbeads elevated IOP, with measurable neuronal damage. An inflammatory response was detected in the injured retina and optic nerve. The therapeutic significance of these findings should be explored.
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