ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2022
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Cardiac Rehabilitation Participation: Effect Modification by Household Income.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ethnic Differences in Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrolment, Participation, and Mortality: A Retrospective Cohort Study from Auckland, New Zealand.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Patients Who "No-Show" in Cardiac Rehabilitation: CHARACTERISTICS AND ATTENDANCE.Journal of cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and prevention · 2026Article
- Investigating Disparities in Physical Therapy Utilization: An Intersectionality Perspective.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2025Article
- Exploring Cardiac Rehabilitation Barriers Across Health Literacy Levels.Health literacy research and practice · 2025Article
- 2025 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2025Review
- Geographical Disparities in Cardiac Rehabilitation Usage by Race and Dual-Eligibility.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- National Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Mortality from Mechanical Complications of Cardiac Valves and Grafts (1999-2020).Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Population-Level Gaps in Coronary Artery Disease Care: A Focused Review.Methodist DeBakey cardiovascular journal · 2025Review
- Myocardial Infarction Quality of Care and Outcomes in Asian Ethnic Groups in the United States.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2024Article
- Association of Race and Ethnicity and Social Factors With Postpartum Primary Care or Cardiology Follow-Up Visits Among Individuals With Preeclampsia.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Article
- Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Management of Chronic Coronary Disease.The Medical clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Race or ethnicity and education in cardiac rehabilitation enrollment.Journal of cardiology · 2024Article
- 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association.Circulation · 2024Review
- Relationship Between Community-Level Distress and Cardiac Rehabilitation Participation, Facility Access, and Clinical Outcomes After Inpatient Coronary Revascularization.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2023Article
- Effects of a patient-centered digital health intervention in patients referred to cardiac rehabilitation: the Smart HEART clinical trial.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2023Article
- Disparities in Guideline-Recommended Statin Use for Prevention of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease by Race, Ethnicity, and Gender : A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Analysis of Adults in the United States.Annals of internal medicine · 2023Article
- Association of Prescription Co-payment With Adherence to Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist and Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor Therapies in Patients With Heart Failure and Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- American Heart Association EPI|Lifestyle Scientific Sessions: 2022 Meeting Highlights.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Ethnic Minorities' Experiences of Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Assessment of Depression and Adherence to Guideline-Directed Medical Therapies Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.JAMA network open · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes. Racial and ethnic differences in CR have been identified, but whether income may attenuate these disparities remains unknown. We evaluated (1) racial/ethnic differences in CR participation in a contemporary sample of insured US adults, and (2) assessed how household income modifies associations between race or ethnicity and CR participation. Methods and Results We identified 107 199 individuals with a CR-qualifying diagnosis between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018 in Optum's de-identified Clinformatics database. We evaluated associations between race or ethnicity and participation in CR, and assessed interaction between race or ethnicity and annual household income. The mean±SD age of all participants was 70.4±11.6 years; 37.4% were female and 76.0% were White race. Overall, 28 443 (26.5%) attended ≥1 CR sessions. After adjustment, compared with White individuals, the probability of attending CR was 31% lower for Asian individuals (95% CI, 27%-36%), 19% lower for Black individuals (95% CI, 16%-22%), and 43% lower for Hispanic individuals (95% CI, 40%-45%), all
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