SynthesisEating and weight disorders : EWD2022
Disordered eating and the meat-avoidance spectrum: a systematic review and clinical implications.
Synthesis in Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Associations Between Vegetarian and Vegan Diets and Orthorexia Nervosa Symptoms in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Eating Disorder Risk, Healthy Orthorexia, and Orthorexia Nervosa Among Women Following Vegan, Vegetarian, and Omnivorous Dietary Patterns in Türkiye: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Validity and reliability of the Arabic orthorexia nervosa inventory scale in young adults: a validation study.Eating and weight disorders : EWD · 2026Article
- "If There Are Restrictions Within the Restrictions, That's When You Can Probably Get Concerned": Key Indicators for Untying Vegetarianism and Veganism From Eating Disorder Pathology.The International journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
- Vegan and vegetarian males and females have higher orthorexic traits than omnivores, and are motivated in their food choice by factors including ethics and weight control.Nutrition and health · 2025Article
- The Mediating Role of Social Camouflaging on the Relationship Between Autistic Traits and Orthorexic Symptoms.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Adopting vegetarian and vegan eating patterns: Associations with disordered eating behaviors among young adult college students.Eating behaviors · 2025Article
- Is trauma associated with plant-based diet choice?Appetite · 2025Article
- The Treatment Experiences of Vegetarians and Vegans with an Eating Disorder: A Qualitative Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Psychosocial Aspects of Vegetarian Diets: A Cross-Sectional Study of the Motivations, Risks, and Limitations in Daily Life.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Article
- Dismantling the myth of "all foods fit" in eating disorder treatment.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Motivations matter: moral and health-related motives indirectly relate to differential psychological health indicators among vegetarians.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2024Article
- Preliminary identification of clinical cut-off of the vegetarian vegan eating disorder screener (V-EDS) in a community and self-reported clinical sample of vegetarians and vegans.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Development and preliminary validation of a novel eating disorder screening tool for vegetarians and vegans: the V-EDS.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- The 26-Item Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26): Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure in Vegetarians and Vegans.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Article
- Strengths and weaknesses of the German translation of the Inflexible Eating Questionnaire and of eating disorder assessment in general.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeMeat avoidance has long been thought to be related to eating psychopathology; however, research does not necessarily support this notion. Furthermore, commonly used eating disorder scales may be picking up on normal meat-avoiding behaviours in vegetarians and vegans. As such, we systematically reviewed the association between vegetarianism, veganism, and disordered eating, and reviewed the psychometric properties of eating disorder scales for use in these populations.
methodsWe searched electronic databases MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and CINAHL for literature published until June 2021.
resultsForty-eight studies met eligibility criteria, with no consensus as to whether meat avoidance was associated with higher rates of disordered eating. Most studies reported a significant positive association with both vegetarianism and veganism, and orthorexia nervosa. Six studies provided evidence for the use of eating disorder measures in vegetarians and vegans, reporting poor psychometric fit among all scales.
conclusionThis systematic review highlights the extent to which vegetarians and vegans have been highly understudied, with limited research suggesting higher levels of orthorexia nervosa behaviours in vegetarians and vegans. Furthermore, our results provide tentative evidence that the factorial validity of commonly used eating disorder scales, such as the EDE-Q, may be poor in vegans. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I, systematic review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.