Observational studyActa diabetologica2022
Abnormalities of the oculomotor function in type 1 diabetes and diabetic neuropathy.
Observational study in Acta diabetologica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04608890 (Eye-tracking-based Artificial Intelligence Detects Abnormalities of the Oculomotor System in Type 1 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Eye-tracking-based Artificial Intelligence Detects Abnormalities of the Oculomotor System in Type 1 Diabetes
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Retinal and choroidal changes in diabetic patients before definitive diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: a two-year prospective study.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Effects of Physical Activity Level on Microsaccade Dynamics During Optic Flow Stimulation in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Development and validation of Galectin-3 and CVAI-based model for predicting cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Article
- Aspirin-responsive gene switch regulating therapeutic protein expression.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Single-cell analysis of age-related changes in leukocytes of diabetic mouse hindpaws.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Abnormal eye movements: relationship with clinical symptoms and predictive value for Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
23 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsAbnormalities in the oculomotor system may represent an early sign of diabetic neuropathy and are currently poorly studied. We designed an eye-tracking-based test to evaluate oculomotor function in patients with type 1 diabetes.
methodsWe used the SRLab-Tobii TX300 Eye tracker®, an eye-tracking device, coupled with software that we developed to test abnormalities in the oculomotor system. The software consists of a series of eye-tracking tasks divided into 4 classes of parameters (Resistance, Wideness, Pursuit and Velocity) to evaluate both smooth and saccadic movement in different directions. We analyzed the oculomotor system in 34 healthy volunteers and in 34 patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes.
resultsAmong the 474 parameters analyzed with the eye-tracking-based system, 11% were significantly altered in patients with type 1 diabetes (p < 0.05), with a higher proportion of abnormalities observed in the Wideness (24%) and Resistance (10%) parameters. Patients with type 1 diabetes without diabetic neuropathy showed more frequently anomalous measurements in the Resistance class (p = 0.02). The classes of Velocity and Pursuit were less frequently altered in patients with type 1 diabetes as compared to healthy subjects, with anomalous measurements mainly observed in patients with diabetic neuropathy.
conclusionsAbnormalities in oculomotor system function can be detected in patients with type 1 diabetes using a novel eye-tracking-based test. A larger cohort study may further determine thresholds of normality and validate whether eye-tracking can be used to non-invasively characterize early signs of diabetic neuropathy. TRIAL: NCT04608890.
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