Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35727369›Full record

ArticleJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology2023

Safety of sequential immune checkpoint inhibitors after prior immune therapy.

Muhammad Awidi, Brendan Connell, Delaney Johnson, Isabel Craven, Rojer Ranjit, Brigitte Gil, Natalie Dal'Bo, Lewena Maher, Seanna Reilly Daves, Stephanie McDonald and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Muhammad AwidiInternal Medicine Department, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4205-8417
Brendan ConnellDepartment of Oncology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9155-5903
Delaney JohnsonTufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5647-6655
Isabel CravenBoston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
Rojer RanjitDepartment of Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Brigitte GilDepartment of Pharmacy, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA.
Natalie Dal'BoInternal Medicine Department, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA.
Lewena MaherDepartment of Rheumatology, Roger Williams Medical Center, Rhode Island, USA.
Seanna Reilly DavesDepartment of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Stephanie McDonaldDepartment of Oncology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA.
Krishna S GunturuDepartment of Oncology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA. krishna.s.gunturu@lahey.org.
Lahey Hospital and Medical Center · USLahey Medical Center · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USBoston College · USRoger Williams Medical Center · USTufts University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has transformed cancer treatment. Subsequent ICI use has become increasingly common following disease progression. We aim to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the sequential ICI treatment modality.

methodsRetrospective review of confirmed carcinoma from January 2014 to December 2018. Patients were categorized into "initial ICI arm" and "sequential ICI arm" defined as patients receiving single, dual or chemo-immunotherapy ICI following an initial ICI regimen. Primary outcome was the development of a new or recurrent immune related adverse event (irAE) during sequential therapy. Secondary outcomes were the number of cycles prior to the development of irAE and grade of irAE.

resultsA total of 483 patients received ICI during the timeframe. Of those, 22 patients received sequential ICI. The diagnoses included ten lung cancer, seven melanoma, four renal cell carcinoma and one bladder cancer. 16 patients received single agent ICI following the initial ICI, three patients received dual ICI following the initial ICI, one patient received chemotherapy-immunotherapy following initial ICI, and two patients received chemo-immunotherapy after dual ICI. Four patients developed new irAE and one patient developed the same irAE on sequential treatment. A higher proportion of patients experienced grade 3 irAE in the sequential arm compared to the initial ICI arm (p = 0.03). No statistical difference was found between the development of irAE and the number of cycles prior to development of irAE in either treatment groups (p = 0.5).

conclusionOur data shows overall safety of sequencing ICI when close monitoring was employed.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalCarcinoma, Renal CellKidney NeoplasmsLung NeoplasmsHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsRetrospective StudiesAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmune checkpoint inhibitorsImmune related adverse eventsRechallengeReintroductionRetreatmentSequential

Identifiers

PMID35727369
PMCPMC10129922
OpenAlexW4283259004

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.