Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35726641›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2023

Circulating insulin-like growth factors and risks of overall, aggressive and early-onset prostate cancer: a collaborative analysis of 20 prospective studies and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Eleanor L Watts, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Georgina K Fensom, Karl Smith-Byrne, Urwah Noor, Colm D Andrews, Marc J Gunter, Michael V Holmes, Richard M Martin, Konstantinos K Tsilidis and 48 more

Erratum issuedOpen access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 37 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.

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  11. Plasma Insulin-like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-7 Is Positively Associated with Age, Obesity, Mortality, and Cancer in Postmenopausal Women.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

58 authors at 20 institutions in 16 countries.

Eleanor L WattsCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9229-2589
Aurora Perez-CornagoCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5652-356X
Georgina K FensomCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Karl Smith-ByrneGenomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Urwah NoorCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Colm D AndrewsCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Marc J GunterSection of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Michael V HolmesClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6617-0879
Richard M MartinDepartment of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Konstantinos K TsilidisDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Demetrius AlbanesDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Aurelio BarricarteGroup of Epidemiology of Cancer and Other Chronic Diseases, Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain.
H Bas Bueno-de-MesquitaCentre for Nutrition, Prevention and Health Services, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Barbara A CohnChild Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Melanie Deschasaux-TanguySorbonne Paris Nord University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris, Bobigny, France.ORCID 0000-0002-3359-420X
Niki L DimouSection of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
Luigi FerrucciNational Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Leon FlickerWA Centre for Health & Ageing, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3650-0475
Neal D FreedmanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Graham G GilesCancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-4946-9099
Edward L GiovannucciDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6123-0219
Christopher A HaimanDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Graham J HankeyWA Centre for Health & Ageing, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Jeffrey M P HollyIGFs & Metabolic Endocrinology Group, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Jiaqi HuangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7808-9477
Wen-Yi HuangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4440-3368
Lauren M HurwitzDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Rudolf KaaksDivision of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
Tatsuhiko KuboDepartment of Public Health and Health Policy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Loic Le MarchandUniversity of Hawaii, Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Robert J MacInnisCentre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Satu MännistöDepartment of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
E Jeffrey MetterDepartment of Neurology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Kazuya MikamiDepartmemt of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.
Lorelei A MucciDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Anja W OlsenDepartment of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-4788-503X
Kotaro OzasaDepartmemt of Epidemiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-5637-1383
Domenico PalliCancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy.
Kathryn L PenneyDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Elizabeth A PlatzDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3676-8954
Michael N PollakDepartments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Monique J RoobolDepartment of Urology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Catherine A SchaeferDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
Jeannette M SchenkCancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Pär StattinDepartment of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-8306-0687
Akiko TamakoshiDepartment of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Elin ThysellDepartment of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Chiaojung Jillian TsaiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Mathilde TouvierSorbonne Paris Nord University, Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center, University of Paris, Bobigny, France.ORCID 0000-0002-8322-8857
Stephen K Van Den EedenDivision of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA.
Elisabete WeiderpassDirector's Office, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France.ORCID 0000-0003-2237-0128
Stephanie J WeinsteinDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Lynne R WilkensUniversity of Hawaii, Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA.
Bu B YeapWA Centre for Health & Ageing, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
PRACTICAL Consortium, CRUK, BPC3, CAPS, PEGASUS
Naomi E AllenClinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Timothy J KeyCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ruth C TravisCancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
University of Oxford · GBNational Institutes of Health · USCentre international de recherche sur le cancer · FRKaiser Permanente · USThe University of Western Australia · AUBrigham and Women's Hospital · USThe University of Melbourne · AUUniversité Paris Cité · FRUniversity of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa · USUniversity of Southern California · USAarhus University · DKCape Town HVTN Immunology Laboratory / Hutchinson Centre Research Institute of South Africa · ZAErasmus MC · NLFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FIGerman Cancer Research Center · DEHarvard University · USHiroshima University · JPInstituto de Salud Pública de Navarra · ESJohns Hopkins University · USKyoto first Red Cross hospital · JP

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
SWOG NCORP Research BaseUG1CA189974 · NCI · THE HOPE FOUNDATION · PI CHARLES D. BLANKE, DAWN HERSHMAN · 2014 to 2026
$80.6M
Understanding Population Differences in Cancer: The MEC StudyU01CA164973 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI HAIMAN, CHRISTOPHER ALAN, LE MARCHAND, LOIC · 2015 to 2025
$37.4M
Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) StudyZIACP010195 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI ALBANES, DEMETRIUS · 2009 to 2025
$22.5M
Cancer Epidemiology Cohort in Male Health ProfessionalsU01CA167552 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI Lorelei Mucci, Walter C. Willett · 2017 to 2026
$17.0M
PCPT and SELECT Cohorts: Core Infrastructure Support for Cancer ResearchU01CA182883 · NCI · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI TANGEN, CATHERINE M., THOMPSON, IAN M. · 2019 to 2023
$5.4M
CLUE STUDIES--EVALUATING BIOMARKERS OF CARCINOGENESISU01CA086308 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI HELZLSOUER, KATHY J · 2000 to 2004
$4.2M
The Aging Genome Association Study "AGE-GAIN"ZIAAG000965 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI FERRUCCI, LUIGI · 2009 to 2025
$4.0M
GENE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS: THE ODYSSEY COHORTU01AG018033 · NIA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI HOFFMAN, SANDRA · 1999 to 2003
$2.8M
Cancer Research UK 29017Cancer Research UK 29019Cancer Research UK C18281/A29019Cancer Research UK C60192/A28516Cancer Research UK C8221/A19170Department of HealthMedical Research Council MC_PC_17228Medical Research Council MC_QA137853NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS U01 CA086308NCI NIH HHS U01 CA164973NCI NIH HHS U01 CA167552NCI NIH HHS U01 CA182883NCI NIH HHS UG1 CA189974NIA NIH HHS U01 AG018033World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies had limited power to assess the associations of circulating insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) with clinically relevant prostate cancer as a primary endpoint, and the association of genetically predicted IGF-I with aggressive prostate cancer is not known. We aimed to investigate the associations of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 concentrations with overall, aggressive and early-onset prostate cancer.

methodsProspective analysis of biomarkers using the Endogenous Hormones, Nutritional Biomarkers and Prostate Cancer Collaborative Group dataset (up to 20 studies, 17 009 prostate cancer cases, including 2332 aggressive cases). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prostate cancer were estimated using conditional logistic regression. For IGF-I, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was undertaken using instruments identified using UK Biobank (158 444 men) and outcome data from PRACTICAL (up to 85 554 cases, including 15 167 aggressive cases). Additionally, we used colocalization to rule out confounding by linkage disequilibrium.

resultsIn observational analyses, IGF-I was positively associated with risks of overall (OR per 1 SD = 1.09: 95% CI 1.07, 1.11), aggressive (1.09: 1.03, 1.16) and possibly early-onset disease (1.11: 1.00, 1.24); associations were similar in MR analyses (OR per 1 SD = 1.07: 1.00, 1.15; 1.10: 1.01, 1.20; and 1.13; 0.98, 1.30, respectively). Colocalization also indicated a shared signal for IGF-I and prostate cancer (PP4: 99%). Men with higher IGF-II (1.06: 1.02, 1.11) and IGFBP-3 (1.08: 1.04, 1.11) had higher risks of overall prostate cancer, whereas higher IGFBP-1 was associated with a lower risk (0.95: 0.91, 0.99); these associations were attenuated following adjustment for IGF-I.

conclusionsThese findings support the role of IGF-I in the development of prostate cancer, including for aggressive disease.

Indexed as

Insulin-Like Growth Factor IProstatic NeoplasmsCase-Control StudiesHumansInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3Insulin-Like Growth Factor IIMaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisProspective StudiesRisk FactorsInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3Insulin-Like Growth Factor IInsulin-Like Growth Factor IIaggressive prostate cancerInsulin-like growth factor-Iinternational consortiaMendelian randomizationprospective analysisprostate cancer

Identifiers

PMID35726641
PMCPMC9908067
OpenAlexW4283212560

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.