SynthesisBMJ open2022
Global prevalence, treatment and outcome of tuberculosis and COVID-19 coinfection: a systematic review and meta-analysis (from November 2019 to March 2021).
Synthesis in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of Tuberculosis and COVID-19 Co-infection: Prevalence, fatality, and treatment considerations.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Potential side effects of antibacterial coatings in orthopaedic implants: A systematic review of clinical studies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Pooled it
- Mechanisms ofBreathe (Sheffield, England) · 2026Review
- Impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis mortality in Japan: a retrospective analysis of national surveillance data from 2017 to 2022.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The Dual Burden: Long-Term Impact of COVID-19 on Tuberculosis Incidence - Presentation and Outcomes.Maedica · 2026Review
- Glutathione-Mediated Redox Regulation of Immune Dysfunction in COVID-19 and Tuberculosis.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tuberculosis program performance in Alberta, Canada: a population-based evaluation.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Article
- Coinfections in Tuberculosis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Epidemiology, Clinical Implications, Diagnostic Challenges, and Management Strategies-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Assessment of the impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis care at a tertiary hospital: integrating lessons from COVID-19 learned.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Sex-disaggregated patterns in tuberculosis treatment coverage and outcomes among a nationally representative sample of deaths in India: 2019-2022.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2024Article
- B cells in perivascular and peribronchiolar granuloma-associated lymphoid tissue and B-cell signatures identify asymptomaticInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Global, regional, and national age-specific progress towards the 2020 milestones of the WHO End TB Strategy: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Impact of Tuberculosis on Disease Severity and Viral Shedding Duration in COVID-19 Patients.Viruses · 2024Article
- Dengue and SARS-CoV-2 co-circulation and overlapping infections in hospitalized patients.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Magnitude and Determinants of Latent Tuberculosis Among Inmates of Saudi Correctional Facilities: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of general medicine · 2024Article
- Characteristics of and Deaths among 333 Persons with Tuberculosis and COVID-19 in Cross-Sectional Sample from 25 Jurisdictions, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2023Article
- The lived experiences of tuberculosis survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic and government lockdown in South Africa: a qualitative analysis.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Global-, Regional-, and National-Level Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tuberculosis Diagnoses, 2020-2021.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- The lived experiences of Tuberculosis survivors during the COVID-19 pandemic and government lockdown in South Africa: a qualitative analysis.Research square · 2023Article
- Risk of Herpes Zoster in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis-A Population-Based Cohort Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionThe COVID-19 outbreak poses a significant threat to the patients with tuberculosis (TB). TB and COVID-19 (TB-COVID) coinfection means the disease caused by both
methodsAn extensive screening was conducted using six electronic databases to search eligible studies from 1 November 2019 to 19 March 2021. Prevalence rate, treatment and outcomes of TB-COVID coinfection were extracted. Random-effects models were used to calculate mean fatality rates of coinfection with 95% CIs. The risks of bias were assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Study Reporting Prevalence Data and JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Report. A meta-analysis was conducted for subgroups on in-hospital fatality rate.
resultsForty-two studies were included into the analysis (35 case reports and 7 retrospective cohort studies). Nineteen countries reported coinfected patients, including high and low TB prevalence countries. The only study revealing prevalence rate came from West Cape Province, South Africa (people aged above 20 years, 0.04% until 1 June 2020 and 0.06% until 9 June 2020). The treatment regimens for coinfected patients were highly heterogeneous. The mean overall and in-hospital fatality rates of coinfection were 13.9% (95% CI: 1.6% to 26.2%) and 17.5% (95% CI: 8.9% to 26.0%). The mean in-hospital fatality rates for high-income countries (Italy and Argentina) and low/middle-income countries (LMICs) (India, Philippines, South Africa) were 6.5% (95% CI: -0.8% to ~13.9%) and 22.5% (95% CI: 19.0% to ~26.0%).
conclusionTB-COVID coinfection is common globally, and the coinfected patients suffer from higher fatality risk than patients with normal COVID-19. Outcomes shared significant differences between high-income countries and LMICs. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42021253660.
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