ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2022
Characteristics of 24 SARS-CoV-2-Sequenced Reinfection Cases in a Tertiary Hospital in Spain.
Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Difference of clinical characteristics in patients with reinfection and primary infection variants of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Since the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the main concern is whether reinfections are possible, and which are the associated risk factors. This study aims to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of 24 sequence-confirmed reinfection SARS-CoV-2 cases over 1 year in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). Methods: Patients with > 45 days between two positive PCR tests regardless of symptoms and negative tests between episodes were initially considered as suspected reinfection cases from November 2020 to May 2021. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to confirm genetic differences between consensus sequences and for phylogenetic studies based on PANGOLIN nomenclature. Reinfections were confirmed by the number of mutations, change in lineage, or epidemiological criteria. Results: From 39 reported suspected reinfection cases, complete viral genomes could be sequenced from both episodes of 24 patients, all were confirmed as true reinfections. With a median age of 44 years (interquartile range [IQR] 32-65), 66% were women and 58% were healthcare workers (HCWs). The median days between episodes were 122 (IQR 72-199), occurring one-third within 3 months. Reinfection episodes were frequently asymptomatic and less severe than primary infections. The absence of seroconversion was associated with symptomatic reinfections. Only one case was reinfected with a variant of concern (VOC). Conclusion: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reinfections can occur in a shorter time than previously reported and are mainly found in immunocompetent patients. Surveillance through WGS is useful to identify viral mutations associated with immune evasion.
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