ReviewClinical Medicine Insights. Oncology2022
Current State of Knowledge on the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment: Approaches, Efficacy, and Challenges.
Review in Clinical Medicine Insights. Oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase II Clinical Trial of Pembrolizumab and Chemotherapy Reveals Distinct Transcriptomic Profiles by Radiologic Response in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2024Trial
- Early first-line systemic anticancer therapeutic attrition after metastatic recurrence in triple-negative breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy: a multicenter real-world study.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Cetirizine suppresses cancer-associated fibroblast-mediated fibrotic remodeling and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via histamine HBreast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Targeting Activated Pathways in Doxorubicin-Resistant TNBC Alters Signaling, Survival and EMT: A Double-Edged Sword.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The role of UBR2 in triple-negative breast cancer and its implications for immune checkpoint blockade therapy.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- [IGSF11: A Novel Target for Cancer Immunotherapy].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Review
- PCSK9 Promotes the Malignancy of Triple-negative Breast Cancer Cells by Reducing Cholesterol Levels at the Plasma Membrane to Activate EGFR and HER3.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Trop2-targeted therapy in breast cancer.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Immunotherapeutic Strategies Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Improved outcomes for triple negative breast cancer brain metastases patients after stereotactic radiosurgery and new systemic approaches.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Article
- Understanding the relationship between breast cancer, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and gut microbiota: a narrative review.Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer · 2024Review
- Defining the Emergence of New Immunotherapy Approaches in Breast Cancer: Role of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- PD-1/PD-L1 and DNA Damage Response in Cancer.Cells · 2023Review
- Trop-2 as a Therapeutic Target in Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2022Review
- PD-L1-Positive High-Grade Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients Respond Better to Standard Neoadjuvant Treatment-A Retrospective Study of PD-L1 Expression in Relation to Different Clinicopathological Parameters.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options. Recently, there has been a growing interest in immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in TNBC, leading to extensive preclinical and clinical research. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on ICIs efficacy and their predictive markers in TNBC and highlights the areas where the data are still limited. Currently, the only approved ICI-based regimen for TNBC is pembrolizumab with chemotherapy. Its advantage over chemotherapy alone was confirmed for non-metastatic TNBC regardless of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression (KEYNOTE-522) and for metastatic, PD-L1-positive TNBC (KEYNOTE-355). Pembrolizumab's efficacy was also evaluated in monotherapy, or in combination with niraparib and radiation therapy, showing potential efficacy and acceptable safety profile in phase 2 clinical trials. Atezolizumab + nab-paclitaxel increased the overall survival (OS) over placebo + nab-paclitaxel in early TNBC, regardless of PD-L1 status (IMpassion031). In IMpassion130 (untreated, advanced TNBC), the OS improvement was not statistically significant in the intention-to-treat population but clinically meaningful in the PD-L1 positive cohort. The durvalumab-anthracycline combination showed an increased response durability over placebo anthracycline in early TNBC (GeparNuevo). Several phase 1 clinical trials also showed a potential efficacy of atezolizumab and avelumab monotherapy in metastatic TNBC. ICIs appear to be applicable in both neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings, and are both pretreated and previously untreated patients. Further research is necessary to determine the most beneficial drug combinations and optimize patient selection. It is essential to identify the predictive markers for ICIs and factors affecting their expression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.