ArticleFrontiers in immunology2022
A Phase I Study of Locoregional High-Dose Autologous Natural Killer Cell Therapy With Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 55 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for the treatment of cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of natural killer cell therapy in patients with solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Dynamic transcriptional immune landscape in response to NK-cell therapy combined with gemcitabine plus S-1 in advanced pancreatic cancer: a phase 1b/2 trial.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Trial
- Mechanisms of tumor cell evasion from NK cell-mediated killing and advances in NK cell-based cancer immunotherapy.Pharmaceutical science advances · 2026Review
- Autologous cytokine-induced NK cells as candidate cellular senolytics: evidence, obstacles, and the experiments still needed.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Advances and prospects in cell therapy for cancer: explorations from T cells to stem cells.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Enhanced efficacy of gastric cancer treatment by a combination of NK cells and chemotherapy.iScience · 2026Article
- NK cell vesicles-based nanoplatform loaded with sorafenib synergizing ferroptosis and antitumor immunity against hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Progress in cell-based immunotherapies for solid tumors.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Novel NK cell-like phenotype expressing CCR5 and its ligands elicits tumor-specific acquired immunity to carcinomatous peritonitis via host NK-derived IFN-γ.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- CCL8-dependent recruitment of natural killer cells enhances the antitumor activity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Designs of the clinical trials aiming at evaluating cell and gene therapy products: A critical appraisal from a literature review.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Review
- Expanded adaptive NKG2C+ NK cells exhibit potent ADCC and functional responses against HBV-infected hepatoma cell lines.Cytotherapy · 2026Article
- Impact of CPPs on primary human NK cell CQAs during cell expansion - an experimental study using design of experiments.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- CAR-NK Engineering to Overcome TME Barriers.Cells · 2025Review
- Machine learning-based development of a cytotoxicity prediction model for NK cell therapy in cancers.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Nanostrategies synergize with locoregional interventional therapies for boosting antitumor immunity.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Synergistic Anti-Tumor Efficacy of Modified FOLFIRINOX and NK Cell Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.Cancers · 2025Article
- Immunological Landscape and Molecular Therapeutic Targets of the Tumor Microenvironment in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Correlation of radiotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy with hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: To explore the feasibility and safety of natural killer (NK) cell therapy in HCC, we performed a prospective, open-label, phase I trial to evaluate the synergistic effect of locoregional high-dose autologous NK cell therapy in combination with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). Methods: Patients with locally advanced HCC who were refractory to the standard treatment were eligible for this study. Patients received expanded and activated NK cells for 5 consecutive days in a dose-escalating manner (dose 2.5×10 Results: Of the 11 patients enrolled, the confirmed ORR was 63.6% (complete response [CR]: 36.4%, confirmed partial response [PR]: 27.3%). Stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) were observed in two patients (18.2%) each, resulting in a disease control rate (DCR) of 81.8%. The median PFS and OS were 10.3 and 41.6 months, respectively. There were no incidences of decompensation or severe adverse events during HAIC, and no adverse events related to NK cell infusion were noted. Conclusion: The combination of HAIC and locoregional high-dose NK cell therapy is a safe and effective treatment for locally advanced HCC patients who were refractory to the standard treatment. This result warrants further development of this novel treatment to establish its efficacy in HCC. Clinical Trial Registration: cris.nih.go.kr, identifier KCT0003973.
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