ReviewFrontiers in neuroendocrinology2022
Sex hormone fluctuation and increased female risk for depression and anxiety disorders: From clinical evidence to molecular mechanisms.
Review in Frontiers in neuroendocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 155 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
155 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 276 citations in OpenAlex.
- Altered function of peripheral organ systems in first-episode drug naïve mental illnesses: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Nonlinear association between body roundness index and depressive symptoms in women of reproductive age: The mediating role of systemic inflammation.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Spinal Mechanisms of Testosterone Involved in Itch Regulation.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Women's musculoskeletal health: insights from the 2024 National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine report on chronic conditions.Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research · 2026Review
- Clinically relevant depression in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes; a nationwide study (TEMD-2 depression).Endocrine · 2026Article
- Left Cerebellar-Right Frontal Uncoupling in Female First-Episode Major Depressive Disorder: Synaptic Evidence From [CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Associations Between Different Subtypes of Adverse Childhood Experiences with Reproductive Mood Disorders-a Scoping Review.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Article
- Risk factors for major depressive disorder among adults recruited from hospital settings in Uganda, Kenya, Ethiopia and South Africa.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Incomplete network restoration may be associated with higher relapse risk in women with major depressive disorder.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Increased beta-band salience network connectivity predicts 12-month longitudinal changes in depressive and anxiety symptom severity in young adults: a resting-state EEG study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Interaction of serum resistin and smoking behavior in predicting depression risk: a sex-sensitive analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Anxiety disorders: a cross-sectional study of clinical and biological associations.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Article
- Trajectory analysis of sleep disorders and anxiety-depression in female breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: based on group-based Multi-Trajectory Model and machine learning.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Depression, Anxiety and Stress Among Women Treated Due to Infertility.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Population attributable fractions of modifiable dementia risk factors in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional, time series analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Advancing women's mental health: Recommendations from a National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine workshop.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Progesterone-Dependent Changes in Platelet Activation Without Morphological Variation in Diestrus Mares.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- An online dynamic nomogram for estimating NSSI behavior among adolescents with depressive disorder.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Twenty years of sex and gender science in health research: a policy statement from the Organization for the Study of Sex Differences.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- Assessment of preoperative anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary nodules: risk factors and postoperative outcomes.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
95 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Women are at twice the risk for anxiety and depression disorders as men are, although the underlying biological factors and mechanisms are largely unknown. In this review, we address this sex disparity at both the etiological and mechanistic level. We dissect the role of fluctuating sex hormones as a critical biological factor contributing to the increased depression and anxiety risk in women. We provide parallel evidence in humans and rodents that brain structure and function vary with naturally-cycling ovarian hormones. This female-unique brain plasticity and associated vulnerability are primarily driven by estrogen level changes. For the first time, we provide a sex hormone-driven molecular mechanism, namely chromatin organizational changes, that regulates neuronal gene expression and brain plasticity but may also prime the (epi)genome for psychopathology. Finally, we map out future directions including experimental and clinical studies that will facilitate novel sex- and gender-informed approaches to treat depression and anxiety disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.