ArticleNursing forum2022
Exclusive breastmilk pumping: A concept analysis.
Article in Nursing forum, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative Review of Mental Health and Feeding Styles in Parents of Bottle-Fed Infants.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2023Pooled it
- An Integrative Review of Exclusive Breast Milk Expression.Journal of midwifery & women's healthPooled it
- Exclusively Pumping Women's Milk Production and Pumping and Feeding Dynamics-An Online Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Maternal Experiences with Exclusive Pumping-An Online Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Impact of educational workshops on breastfeeding practices in traditional Chinese postpartum centres: a cohort study during the COVID-19 pandemic.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Article
- Pumps, patriarchy, and profits: the rise of breast pumping and "human milk feeding" and why preserving "breastfeeding" is important.International breastfeeding journal · 2026Article
- Exploring thematic dimensions of breast pumping discussions in an online community using large language models and multiple correspondence analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Maternal and Infant Characteristics and Pumping Profiles of Women That Predominantly Pump Milk for Their Infants.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Pumps: A Possible Tool to Promote More Equitable Lactation Outcomes.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2024Review
- Perspective: Supporting Maternal Efforts to Provide Optimal Infant Nutrition in the Post-Partum Setting.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2024Article
- Exclusive breastmilk pumping: A concept analysis.Nursing forum · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimTo analyze and examine the concept of exclusive breast pumping (EP).
backgroundBreastmilk is the ideal nutrition for infants, yet when breastfeeding is unsuccessful, parents resort to informal breastmilk sharing, artificial formula feeding, or EP. A growing proportion of families exclusively pump yet they often receive guidance from social media rather than healthcare providers because healthcare providers are uninformed about this feeding method. DATA SOURCE: Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases were searched using the following keywords: human milk express*, breast express*, breast milk express, breastmilk express*, exclusive pump, exclusive breast pumping, and exclusive expression. REVIEW
methodsConcept analysis design using Walker and Avant's method.
resultsThree defining attributes of (1) absence of direct breastfeeding, (2) breastmilk expression, (3) and an enduring infant feeding pattern of feeding expressed breastmilk only via a bottle were identified. All three attributes are required to confirm the presence of the concept of exclusive pumping. Definitions, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents are described. Model and contrary cases are discussed.
conclusionThis exclusive pumping concept analysis allows for consistency in terminology in practice and research. EP is a feeding method which can increase the proportion of infants who are fed breastmilk and may reduce the risks that arise from artificial formula feeding.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.