ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2022
Lysozyme Protects Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Inflammation in Human Corneal Epithelial Cells.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05947812 (A Clinical Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Randomized Placebo Versus the 8-aminoquinoline Tafenoquine for Early Symptom Resolution in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID 19 Disease and Low Risk of Disease Progression), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Clinical Evaluation of the Safety and Efficacy of Randomized Placebo Versus the 8-aminoquinoline Tafenoquine for Early Symptom Resolution in Patients With Mild to Moderate COVID 19 Disease and Low Risk of Disease Progression (the "ACLR8-LR" Study)
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Efficacy of Mouthwashes Delivered via Dental Unit Waterlines in Reducing Aerosolized Surrogate SARS-CoV-2.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Natural and induced immune responses in oral cavity and saliva.BMC immunology · 2025Review
- RTP4 Enhances Corneal HSV-1 Infection in Mice With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Salivary IgA and vimentin differentiate in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection: A study of 290 convalescent COVID-19 patients.Mucosal immunology · 2024Article
- Lysozyme: A Natural Product with Multiple and Useful Antiviral Properties.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Proteomic Evolution from Acute to Post-COVID-19 Conditions.Journal of proteome research · 2024Article
- Is there sufficient evidence to support the health benefits of including donkey milk in the diet?Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- Preventative and therapeutic potential of animal milk components against COVID-19: A comprehensive review.Food science & nutrition · 2023Article
- Preventing Respiratory Viral Diseases with Antimicrobial Peptide Master Regulators in the Lung Airway Habitat.Clinics and practice · 2023Review
- Pyroptotic cell death in SARS-CoV-2 infection: revealing its roles during the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19.International journal of biological sciences · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lysozyme, an antimicrobial enzyme found in tears that protects the eye against pathogens, on pseudotyped severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection through corneal epithelial cells. Methods: The expression of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) was measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The altered expression of the pro-inflammatory molecules induced by spike protein and lysozyme was analyzed by RT-PCR. Cell toxicity was tested by CCK8 assay. The cell entry of SAR-CoV-2 in HCECs and primary rabbit corneal epithelial cells (RbCECs) was detected by luciferase assay. Results: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were highly expressed in HCECs. The spike proteins of SARS-CoV-2 stimulated a robust inflammatory response in HCECs, characterized by increased secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules, including IL-6, TNF-α, iNOS, and MCP-1, and pretreatment with lysozyme in HCECs markedly decreased the production of proinflammatory molecules induced by spike proteins. In addition, the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α enhanced the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into HCECs, which can be mitigated by pretreatment with lysozyme. Conclusions: In this study, we analyzed the susceptibility of human corneal epithelial cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection and suggested the protective effects of lysozyme on SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Registered trials
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