SynthesisNutrition reviews2022
A systematic review of iodine intake in children, adults, and pregnant women in Europe-comparison against dietary recommendations and evaluation of dietary iodine sources.
Synthesis in Nutrition reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of different iodine supplementation strategies on thyroid function in iodine-deficient pregnant women: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Dairy Intake and Iodine Status in Pregnant and Lactating Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Micronutrient risk with GLP-1 receptor and dual incretin agonists in obesity: Mechanistic pathways, clinical signals, and a monitoring framework.Obesity pillars · 2026Review
- Designing a School-Based, Complex Public Health Intervention to Improve Iodine Awareness in Adolescents in Six Countries.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Dietary iodine and selenium exposure and thyroid function in adults: a total diet study with biomarker assessment.Nutrition research and practice · 2026Article
- Iodine deficiency among thyroid conference participants in Austria.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2026Article
- The effectiveness of education-based interventions on iodine knowledge, attitude, behaviour, and status: a systematic review protocol.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Glutamate: Safe and Adequate Intake Levels for Infants-Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evolving Concepts in Gestational Iodine Requirements.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Iodine in Health and Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of demographic, behavioral, and nutritional correlates of thyroid disorders in the central region of Saudi Arabia.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Enhancing iodine health awareness among adolescents: a study protocol for a multi-country intervention study in educational settings across the UK, Slovenia, Cyprus, Bangladesh, Germany and Pakistan.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Iodine deficiency in the first pregnancy trimester and intelligence in adolescence.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Effects of iodine supplementation on thyroid function in children with mild congenital hypothyroidism and non-autoimmune subclinical hypothyroidism.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- A path to sustainable and healthy diets: modeling ovo-lacto-vegetarian food-based dietary guidelines.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Stage-specific variations in urinary and salt iodine among pregnant women in Beijing.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Iodoquinoline-Biofortified Lettuce as a Safe and Bioavailable Dietary Iodine Source: In Vivo Study in Rats.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Analysis of Determinants of Dietary Iodine Intake of Adolescents from Northern Regions of Poland: Coastal Areas and Lake Districts.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Eating within planetary boundaries - a cross-country analysis of iodine provision from the EAT-Lancet diet.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextAdequate iodine intake is essential throughout life. Key dietary sources are iodized salt and animal products, but dietary patterns in Europe are changing, for example toward lower salt intake and a more plant-based diet.
objectiveTo review iodine intake (not status) in European populations (adults, children, and pregnant women) to identify at-risk groups and dietary sources. DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases, as well as European national nutrition surveys were searched for data on had iodine intake (from dietary assessment) and sources of iodine, collected after 2006. DATA SELECTION: In total, 57 studies were included, comprising 22 national surveys and 35 sub-national studies. Iodine intake data were available from national surveys of children aged <10 years (n = 11), 11-17 years (n = 12), and adults (n = 15), but data from pregnancy were only available from sub-national studies.
resultsIodine intake data are lacking-only 17 of 45 (38%) European countries had iodine-intake data from national surveys. Iodine intake reported from national surveys was below recommendations for: (1) children aged <10 years in 2 surveys (18%), (2) boys and girls aged 11-17 years in 6 (50%) and 8 (68%) surveys, respectively, and (3) adult men and women in 7 (47%) and 12 (80%) surveys, respectively. In pregnant women, intake was below recommendations except where women were taking iodine-containing supplements. Just 32% of national surveys (n = 7) included iodized salt when estimating iodine intake. Milk, dairy products, fish, and eggs were important contributors to intake in many countries, suggesting limited sources in plant-based diets.
conclusionResults are limited by the challenges of dietary assessment for measuring iodine intake. Future national surveys should include iodine intake. Policy makers should consider dietary sources alongside any iodized salt policies when considering methods for improving population iodine intake. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO 2017 CRD42017075422.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.