ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2022
Molecular epidemiology and genotype-specific disease severity of hepatitis E virus infections in Germany, 2010-2019.
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical Burden of Symptomatic HEV-3 Infection in Southern Spain.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Article
- Acute HEV Infection Is a Relevant Cause of Decompensation and ACLF in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Observational
- Genetic insights into hepatitis E virus through environmental surveillance in Europe.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Hepatitis E virus in wild boar from Poland.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Distinct distribution of HEV-3 subtypes across humans, animals, and environmental waters in Sweden.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Article
- The Gut Microbiota in Elderly Patients with Acute Hepatitis E Infection.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2025Article
- varVAMP: degenerate primer design for tiled full genome sequencing and qPCR.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Hepatitis E Virus in the Role of an Emerging Food-Borne Pathogen.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- HEV-3 subtypes and strains detected in cases of HEV infection in central Italy from 2015 to 2023.Infection · 2025Article
- Low Serological Agreement of Hepatitis E in Immunocompromised Cancer Patients: A Comparative Study of Three Anti-HEV Assays.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Characterization of zoonotic hepatitis E virus in domestic pigs and wild boar in Vietnam: Implications for public health.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- First Detection of Hepatitis E Virus RNA in Ovine Raw Milk from Herds in Central Italy.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Combining RNA Interference and RIG-I Activation to Inhibit Hepatitis E Virus Replication.Viruses · 2024Article
- The molecular epidemiology of hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in Canada.Epidemiology and infection · 2024Article
- Hepatitis E infection: A review.World journal of virology · 2023Review
- Risk Factors for Hepatitis E Virus Infection and Eating Habits in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Hepatitis E Virus RNA Detection from Hunted Wild Boars in Central Italy: an Epidemiological Investigation.Food and environmental virology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in Europe. Genotype 3 (HEV-3) is predominant but information on subtype distribution, trends and clinical implications in Germany is scarce. We analysed 936 HEV RNA positive samples of human origin and corresponding national surveillance data from 2010 to 2019. Samples were referred to the National Consultant Laboratory and sequenced in at least one of four genomic regions. Sequences were analysed using bioinformatics methods and compared to the latest HEV reference set. 1,656 sequences were obtained from 300 female, 611 male and 25 of unknown sex aged 3-92 years (median 55 years). HEV-3c was predominant (67.3%) followed by HEV-3f, HEV-3e and HEV-3i(-like) with 14.3%, 9.7% and 4.0% (other subtypes ≤1.1%). The proportion of HEV-3 group 2 (3abchijklm) strains increased over time. Jaundice, upper abdominal pain, fever, hospitalization, and death due to HEV were significantly more often reported for patients infected with HEV-3 group 1 (3efg) compared to group 2. Larger spatio-temporal clusters of identical sequences were not observed. HEV-3 group 1 infections are more severe as compared to the predominant group 2. Detection of group 2 strains increased over the last years, possibly due to more frequent diagnosis of asymptomatic and mild courses. The diversity of strains and the space-time distribution is compatible with a foodborne zoonosis with supra-regional distribution of the infection vehicle (pork products).
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